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Futrell and Mahowald (2025) frame the success of neural language models (LMs) as supporting gradient, usage-based linguistic theories. I argue that LMs can also instantiate theories based on formal structures - the types of theories seen in…
We construct arithmetic terms representing the partial sums of binomial coefficients, and we extend these results to obtain arithmetic terms representing the multisections of binomial coefficient sums. We also introduce an arithmetic term…
We introduce formal languages over infinite alphabets where words may contain binders. We define the notions of nominal language, nominal monoid, and nominal regular expressions. Moreover, we extend history-dependent automata (HD-automata)…
We define a class of probabilistic models in terms of an operator algebra of stochastic processes, and a representation for this class in terms of stochastic parameterized grammars. A syntactic specification of a grammar is mapped to…
In this paper, we find several determinants expressing the Fibonomial coefficients. We also give the generating functions, Vandermonde identity, and continued fractions about Fibonomial coefficients.
A linear operator on a finite dimensional nonzero real vector space may not have an eigenvalue. We define a related notion of a true-pair of a linear operator, and then show that each linear operator on a finite dimensional nonzero real…
In this article we extend evaluations of the Kauffman bracket on regular isotopy classes of knots and links to a variety of functors defined on the category of framed tangles. We show that many such functors exist, and that they correspond…
We calculate the formal analytic expansions of certain formal translations in a space of formal iterated logarithmic and exponential variables. The results show how the algebraic structure naturally involves the Stirling numbers of the…
We propose a concrete surface representation of abstract categorial grammars in the category of word cobordisms or cowordisms for short, which are certain bipartite graphs decorated with words in a given alphabet, generalizing linear logic…
Generating functions for a fixed genus map and hypermap enumeration become rational after a simple explicit change of variables. Their numerators are polynomials with integer coefficients that obey a differential recursion, and denominators…
We count the number of polynomials over finite fields with prescribed leading coefficients and a given number of linear factors. This is equivalent to counting codewords in Reed-Solomon codes which are at a certain distance from a received…
We propose a structured extension to bidirectional-context conditional language generation, or "infilling," inspired by Frame Semantic theory (Fillmore, 1976). Guidance is provided through two approaches: (1) model fine-tuning, conditioning…
The algebraic properties of formal power series, whose coefficients show factorial growth and admit a certain well-behaved asymptotic expansion, are discussed. It is shown that these series form a subring of $\mathbb{R}[[x]]$. This subring…
We construct the generating function for products of inverse central binomial coefficients with harmonic numbers.
In the present paper we show that there are infinitely many classes of term functions in the free-void generated diagonalizable algebra, which are precomplete with respect to parametrical expressibility of functions.
We use the properties of Hermite and Kamp\'e de F\'eriet polynomials to get closed forms for the repeated derivatives of functions whose argument is a quadratic or higher-order polynomial. The results we obtain are extended to product of…
We compute two parametric determinants in which rows and columns are indexed by compositions, where in one determinant the entries are products of binomial coefficients, while in the other the entries are products of powers. These results…
In this paper we introduce the concept of \emph{multivector functionals.} We study some possible kinds of derivative operators that can act in interesting ways on these objects such as, e.g., the $A$-directional derivative and the…
We consider the set of power functions defined on the set of positive real number, and their linear combinations. After recalling some properties of the gamma function, we give two general definitions of derivatives of positive and negative…
We give a generating function for the number of graphs with given numerical properties and prescribed weighted number of connected components. As an application, we give a generating function for the number of bipartite graphs of given…