Related papers: Dream Machines
We discuss the physics capabilities of basic types of future atmospheric detectors being considered at present, with their strengths and limitations, and compare them with those of long baseline (LBL) experiments. We also argue that recent…
The LHC is not only the most powerful collider built to date but also the source of an intense beam of the most energetic neutrinos ever produced by humankind. After nearly 15 years of LHC operation, these neutrinos have been observed for…
This year we are celebrating 101 years since the discovery of cosmic rays. They are whizzing all around the Universe, and they occur at very different energies, including the highest particle energies that exist. However, theory predicts an…
The passage of particles through matter is one of the principal ways to investigate nature. In this article, we would like to outline the most important stages in the development of the theory about the stopping power.
The staged commissioning of the Large Hadron Collider presents an opportunity to map gross features of particle production over a significant energy range. I suggest a visual tool - event displays in (pseudo)rapidity-transverse-momentum…
In the coming year, the Large Hadron Collider will begin colliding protons at energies nearly an order of magnitude beyond the current frontier. The LHC will, of course, provide unprecedented opportunities to discover new particle physics.…
Discoveries at high-energy particle colliders have established the standard model of particle physics. Technological innovation has helped to increase the collider energy at a much faster pace than the corresponding costs. New concepts will…
Neutrino astrophysics offers new perspectives on the Universe investigation: high energy neutrinos, produced by the most energetic phenomena in our Galaxy and in the Universe, carry complementary (if not exclusive) information about the…
The field of experimental particle physics studies the fundamental particles and forces that constitute matter and radiation. Frequently the experimental tools used to enable this study are accelerators and detectors. The Large Hadron…
Quantum sensing is a rapidly growing approach to probe fundamental physics and explore new phase space for possible new physics with precision and highly sensitive measurements in our quest to understand the deep structure of matter and its…
Vacuum systems are an intrinsic part of any accelerator around the world: all particles circulate under vacuum. This lecture gives rudiments on the fundamentals of vacuum science such as units, ideal gas law, partial pressure, mean free…
The quest for realizing and manipulating ever smaller man-made movable structures and dynamical machines has spurred tremendous endeavors, led to important discoveries, and inspired researchers to venture to new grounds. Scientific feats…
In the past four decades a new type of astronomy has emerged, where instead of looking up into the sky "telescopes" are buried miles underground or deep under water or ice and search not for photons (that is, light), but rather for…
The field of particle physics is living very exciting times with a plethora of experiments looking for new physics in complementary ways. This has made increasingly necessary to obtain precise predictions in new physics models in order to…
The study of high energy cosmic rays is a diversified field of observational and phenomenological physics addressing questions ranging from shock acceleration of charged particles in various astrophysical objects, via transport properties…
Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays are the most energetic particles directly measured, reaching orders of magnitude above those attained in the LHC. The Pierre Auger Observatory is shedding light onto the long-standing mysteries of their nature…
The search for dark matter and physics beyond the Standard Model has grown to encompass a highly interdisciplinary approach. In this review, we survey recent searches for light, weakly-coupled particles - axions and dark photons - over the…
The small world of matter is getting smaller and smaller. Nano sciences in recent years had huge developments allowing nanotechnologies to take enormous steps in the development of materials and processes. Numerous applications in a wide…
Quantum mechanics---the theory describing the fundamental workings of nature---is famously counterintuitive: it predicts that a particle can be in two places at the same time, and that two remote particles can be inextricably and…
Wakefield accelerators are under development in many laboratories worldwide. They bring the promise of a high accelerating gradient, orders of magnitude higher than current machines. The reduction in the overall length of the accelerators…