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Multiple hypothesis testing is a significant problem in nearly all neuroimaging studies. In order to correct for this phenomena, we require a reliable estimate of the Family-Wise Error Rate (FWER). The well known Bonferroni correction…

Computation · Statistics 2015-02-17 Chris Hinrichs , Vamsi K Ithapu , Qinyuan Sun , Sterling C Johnson , Vikas Singh

This paper revisits the following open question in simultaneous testing of multivariate normal means against two-sided alternatives: Can the method of Benjamini and Hochberg (BH, 1995) control the false discovery rate (FDR) without imposing…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-12 Sanat K. Sarkar

In the setting of multiple testing, compound p-values generalize p-values by asking for superuniformity to hold only \emph{on average} across all true nulls. We study the properties of the Benjamini--Hochberg procedure applied to compound…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Rina Foygel Barber , Richard J Samworth

Testing composite null hypotheses arises in various applications, such as mediation and replicability analyses. The problem becomes more challenging in high-throughput experiments where tens of thousands of features are examined…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-29 Pengfei Lyu , Xianyang Zhang , Hongyuan Cao

We propose a method that combines the closed testing framework with the concept of safe anytime-valid inference (SAVI) to compute lower confidence bounds for the true discovery proportion in a multiple testing setting. The proposed…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-23 Friederike Preusse

Large-scale hypothesis testing is central to modern science, where controlling the False Discovery Rate (FDR) has become the standard approach to managing false positives across many simultaneous tests. Hypotheses rarely exist in isolation;…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Binyamin Perets , Shie Mannor

In machine learning, the selection of a promising model from a potentially large number of competing models and the assessment of its generalization performance are critical tasks that need careful consideration. Typically, model selection…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-06 Pascal Rink , Werner Brannath

Multivariate statistics are often available as well as necessary in hypothesis tests. We study how to use such statistics to control not only false discovery rate (FDR) but also positive FDR (pFDR) with good power. We show that FDR can be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-05-21 Zhiyi Chi

We consider multiple testing means of many dependent Normal random variables that do not necessarily follow a joint Normal distribution. Under weak dependence, we show the uniform consistency of proportion estimators that are constructed as…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-09 Xiongzhi Chen

Large-scale multiple testing is a fundamental problem in high dimensional statistical inference. It is increasingly common that various types of auxiliary information, reflecting the structural relationship among the hypotheses, are…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-07 Hongyuan Cao , Jun Chen , Xianyang Zhang

Controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) in high-dimensional variable selection requires balancing rigorous error control with statistical power. Existing methods with provable guarantees are often overly conservative, creating a…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-06 Arnau Vilella , Jasin Machkour , Michael Muma , Daniel P. Palomar

Robust MDPs (RMDPs) can be used to compute policies with provable worst-case guarantees in reinforcement learning. The quality and robustness of an RMDP solution are determined by the ambiguity set---the set of plausible transition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Marek Petrik , Reazul Hasan Russell

Multiple tests are designed to test a whole collection of null hypotheses simultaneously. Their quality is often judged by the false discovery rate (FDR), i.e. the expectation of the quotient of the number of false rejections divided by the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-24 Julia Benditkis , Philipp Heesen , Arnold Janssen

Consider the problem of testing $s$ hypotheses simultaneously. The usual approach restricts attention to procedures that control the probability of even one false rejection, the familywise error rate (FWER). If $s$ is large, one might be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-11-06 Joseph P. Romano , Michael Wolf

We introduce a new class of methods for finite-sample false discovery rate (FDR) control in multiple testing problems with dependent test statistics where the dependence is fully or partially known. Our approach separately calibrates a…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-22 William Fithian , Lihua Lei

Consider the multiple testing problem of testing null hypotheses $H_1,...,H_s$. A classical approach to dealing with the multiplicity problem is to restrict attention to procedures that control the familywise error rate ($\mathit{FWER}$),…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Joseph P. Romano , Azeem M. Shaikh

Multiple hypothesis testing often involves composite nulls, i.e., nulls that are associated with two or more distributions. In many cases, it is reasonable to assume that there is a prior distribution on the distributions despite it is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-07-31 Zhiyi Chi

We propose a novel multiple testing methodology for controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) in high-dimensional linear models that integrates model-X knockoff techniques with debiased penalized regression estimators. At the foundation of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Jinyuan Chang , Chenlong Li , Cheng Yong Tang , Zhengtian Zhu

This paper presents a new algorithm (and an additional trick) that allows to compute fastly an entire curve of post hoc bounds for the False Discovery Proportion when the underlying bound $V^*\_{\mathfrak{R}}$ construction is based on a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Guillermo Durand

When hypotheses are tested in a stream and real-time decision-making is needed, online sequential hypothesis testing procedures are needed. Furthermore, these hypotheses are commonly partitioned into groups by their nature. For example, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-05 Runqiu Wang , Ran Dai