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Related papers: Decision-Making with Belief Functions: a Review

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Traditionally Bayesian decision-theoretic design of experiments proceeds by choosing a design to minimise expectation of a given loss function over the space of all designs. The loss function encapsulates the aim of the experiment, and the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-10 Antony M. Overstall , James M. McGree

An important use of machine learning is to learn what people value. What posts or photos should a user be shown? Which jobs or activities would a person find rewarding? In each case, observations of people's past choices can inform our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-21 Owain Evans , Andreas Stuhlmueller , Noah D. Goodman

Probability intervals are an attractive tool for reasoning under uncertainty. Unlike belief functions, though, they lack a natural probability transformation to be used for decision making in a utility theory framework. In this paper we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Fabio Cuzzolin

This paper uses decision-theoretic principles to obtain new insights into the assessment and updating of probabilities. First, a new foundation of Bayesianism is given. It does not require infinite atomless uncertainties as did Savage s…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-07 Peter P. Wakker

The analysis of decision making under uncertainty is closely related to the analysis of probabilistic inference. Indeed, much of the research into efficient methods for probabilistic inference in expert systems has been motivated by the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Ross D. Shachter , Mark Alan Peot

Facing an unknown situation, a person may not be able to firmly elicit his/her preferences over different alternatives, so he/she tends to express uncertain preferences. Given a community of different persons expressing their preferences…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-11 Yiru Zhang , Tassadit Bouadi , Arnaud Martin

The paper presents a novel view of the Dempster-Shafer belief function as a measure of diversity in relational data bases. It is demonstrated that under the interpretation The Dempster rule of evidence combination corresponds to the join…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Mieczysław A. Kłopotek , Sławomir T. Wierzchoń

We examine behavioral axioms in decision theory that are satisfied approximately rather than exactly. We demonstrate that in key domains -- decisions under risk, uncertainty, and intertemporal choice -- behavior that \emph{almost} satisfies…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-01-30 Christopher P Chambers , Federico Echenique

In Dempster-Shafer belief theory, general beliefs are expressed as belief mass distribution functions over frames of discernment. In Subjective Logic beliefs are expressed as belief mass distribution functions over binary frames of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Audun Josang

We propose and axiomatize a new model of incomplete preferences under uncertainty, which we call \textit{hope-and-prepare preferences}. An act is considered more desirable than an other act when, and only when, both an optimistic…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-07-29 Pierre Bardier , Bach Dong-Xuan , Van-Quy Nguyen

Inappropriate use of Dempster's rule of combination has led some authors to reject the Dempster-Shafer model, arguing that it leads to supposedly unacceptable conclusions when defaults are involved. A most classic example is about the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Philippe Smets , Yen-Teh Hsia

In this paper some initial work towards a new approach to qualitative reasoning under uncertainty is presented. This method is not only applicable to qualitative probabilistic reasoning, as is the case with other methods, but also allows…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 Simon Parsons , E. H. Mamdani

Fisher's fiducial argument is widely viewed as a failed version of Neyman's theory of confidence limits. But Fisher's goal -- Bayesian-like probabilistic uncertainty quantification without priors -- was more ambitious than Neyman's, and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-25 Ryan Martin

A salient approach to interpretable machine learning is to restrict modeling to simple models. In the Bayesian framework, this can be pursued by restricting the model structure and prior to favor interpretable models. Fundamentally,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Homayun Afrabandpey , Tomi Peltola , Juho Piironen , Aki Vehtari , Samuel Kaski

Reasoning about uncertainty is vital in many real-life autonomous systems. However, current state-of-the-art planning algorithms cannot either reason about uncertainty explicitly, or do so with a high computational burden. Here, we focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Moran Barenboim , Vadim Indelman

In this work, we use the Belief Function Theory which extends the probabilistic framework in order to provide uncertainty bounds to different categories of crowd density estimators. Our method allows us to compare the multi-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Jennifer Vandoni , Emanuel Aldea , Sylvie Le Hégarat-Mascle

Recovering and distinguishing between the strict-preference, indifference and/or indecisiveness parts of a decision maker's preferences is a challenging task but also important for testing theory and conducting welfare analysis. This paper…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-15 Georgios Gerasimou

We consider a decision maker who is unaware of objects to be sampled and thus cannot form beliefs about the occurrence of particular objects. Ex ante she can form beliefs about the occurrence of novelty and the frequencies of yet to be…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-02-21 Burkhard C. Schipper

Dempster-Shafer structure is effective in classical settings for connecting set-valued hypotheses and representing structured ignorance, yet its practical use is limited by combination growth over focal sets and high conflict management. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Qianli Zhou , Hao Luo , Lipeng Pan , Yong Deng , Eloi Bosse

Building on the recent development of the model-free generalized fiducial (MFGF) paradigm (Williams, 2023) for predictive inference with finite-sample frequentist validity guarantees, in this paper, we develop an MFGF-based approach to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-20 Jonathan P Williams , Yang Liu