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Neural Language Models (NLM), when trained and evaluated with context spanning multiple utterances, have been shown to consistently outperform both conventional n-gram language models and NLMs that use limited context. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Ashish Shenoy , Sravan Bodapati , Monica Sunkara , Srikanth Ronanki , Katrin Kirchhoff

Modern language models scale depth by stacking layers, each holding its own state - a per-layer KV cache in transformers, a per-layer matrix in Mamba, Gated DeltaNet (GDN), RWKV, and xLSTM. Biological systems lean heavily on recurrence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zanmin Wang

Recurrent neural networks are convenient and efficient models for language modeling. However, when applied on the level of characters instead of words, they suffer from several problems. In order to successfully model long-term…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-25 Piotr Bojanowski , Armand Joulin , Tomas Mikolov

The advantage of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in learning dependencies between time-series data has distinguished RNNs from other deep learning models. Recently, many advances are proposed in this emerging field. However, there is a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Hojjat Salehinejad

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) have obtained excellent result in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, understanding and interpreting the source of this success remains a challenge. In this paper, we propose Recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-25 Ke Tran , Arianna Bisazza , Christof Monz

Contextual word representations derived from large-scale neural language models are successful across a diverse set of NLP tasks, suggesting that they encode useful and transferable features of language. To shed light on the linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Nelson F. Liu , Matt Gardner , Yonatan Belinkov , Matthew E. Peters , Noah A. Smith

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a widely used deep architecture for sequence modeling, generation, and prediction. Despite success in applications such as machine translation and voice recognition, these stateful models have several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Ankur Mali , Alexander Ororbia , Daniel Kifer , Clyde Lee Giles

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), such as long short-term memory networks (LSTMs), serve as a fundamental building block for many sequence learning tasks, including machine translation, language modeling, and question answering. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Stephen Merity , Nitish Shirish Keskar , Richard Socher

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are theoretically Turing-complete and established themselves as a dominant model for language processing. Yet, there still remains an uncertainty regarding their language learning capabilities. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Mirac Suzgun , Yonatan Belinkov , Stuart M. Shieber

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have proven successful in a wide variety of applications such as speech recognition and synthesis, computer vision, machine translation, and game playing, to name but a few. However, existing deep neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Ramit Pahwa

Translating characters instead of words or word-fragments has the potential to simplify the processing pipeline for neural machine translation (NMT), and improve results by eliminating hyper-parameters and manual feature engineering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Colin Cherry , George Foster , Ankur Bapna , Orhan Firat , Wolfgang Macherey

The transformer has been shown to outperform recurrent neural network-based sequence-to-sequence models in various word-level NLP tasks. Yet for character-level transduction tasks, e.g. morphological inflection generation and historical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Shijie Wu , Ryan Cotterell , Mans Hulden

In this paper, we consider several compression techniques for the language modeling problem based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs). It is known that conventional RNNs, e.g, LSTM-based networks in language modeling, are characterized with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-09 Artem M. Grachev , Dmitry I. Ignatov , Andrey V. Savchenko

We introduce a recurrent neural network language model (RNN-LM) with long short-term memory (LSTM) units that utilizes both character-level and word-level inputs. Our model has a gate that adaptively finds the optimal mixture of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Yasumasa Miyamoto , Kyunghyun Cho

We explore options to use Transformer networks in neural transducer for end-to-end speech recognition. Transformer networks use self-attention for sequence modeling and comes with advantages in parallel computation and capturing contexts.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-30 Ching-Feng Yeh , Jay Mahadeokar , Kaustubh Kalgaonkar , Yongqiang Wang , Duc Le , Mahaveer Jain , Kjell Schubert , Christian Fuegen , Michael L. Seltzer

We investigate the effective memory depth of RNN models by using them for $n$-gram language model (LM) smoothing. Experiments on a small corpus (UPenn Treebank, one million words of training data and 10k vocabulary) have found the LSTM cell…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-21 Ciprian Chelba , Mohammad Norouzi , Samy Bengio

We present a comprehensive study of deep bidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN) based acoustic models for automatic speech recognition (ASR). We study the effect of size and depth and train models of up…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Albert Zeyer , Patrick Doetsch , Paul Voigtlaender , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

We explore deep autoregressive Transformer models in language modeling for speech recognition. We focus on two aspects. First, we revisit Transformer model configurations specifically for language modeling. We show that well configured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Kazuki Irie , Albert Zeyer , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Recently, end-to-end sequence-to-sequence models for speech recognition have gained significant interest in the research community. While previous architecture choices revolve around time-delay neural networks (TDNN) and long short-term…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Ngoc-Quan Pham , Thai-Son Nguyen , Jan Niehues , Markus Müller , Sebastian Stüker , Alexander Waibel

We show that both an LSTM and a unitary-evolution recurrent neural network (URN) can achieve encouraging accuracy on two types of syntactic patterns: context-free long distance agreement, and mildly context-sensitive cross serial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Jean-Philippe Bernardy , Shalom Lappin