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Neural networks have emerged as powerful tools across various applications, yet their decision-making process often remains opaque, leading to them being perceived as "black boxes." This opacity raises concerns about their interpretability…
Neural networks are commonly regarded as black boxes performing incomprehensible functions. For classification problems networks provide maps from high dimensional feature space to K-dimensional image space. Images of training vector are…
Deep Learning is a state-of-the-art technique to make inference on extensive or complex data. As a black box model due to their multilayer nonlinear structure, Deep Neural Networks are often criticized to be non-transparent and their…
The deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved great success in learning complex patterns with strong predictive power, but they are often thought of as "black box" models without a sufficient level of transparency and interpretability. It…
Despite their impact on the society, deep neural networks are often regarded as black-box models due to their intricate structures and the absence of explanations for their decisions. This opacity poses a significant challenge to AI systems…
Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks and hard to interpret because of their black-box nature. The recently proposed invertible network is able to accurately reconstruct the inputs to a layer from its outputs, thus has…
Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in learning complex hierarchical data representations, but the nature of these representations remains largely unknown. Existing global explainability methods, such as Network…
Deep neural networks are powerful machine learning approaches that have exhibited excellent results on many classification tasks. However, they are considered as black boxes and some of their properties remain to be formalized. In the…
The use of neural networks as function approximators has enabled many advances in reinforcement learning (RL). The generalization power of neural networks combined with advances in RL algorithms has reignited the field of artificial…
While the deployment of neural networks, yielding impressive results, becomes more prevalent in various applications, their interpretability and understanding remain a critical challenge. Network inversion, a technique that aims to…
Recent technological advancements have led to a large number of patents in a diverse range of domains, making it challenging for human experts to analyze and manage. State-of-the-art methods for multi-label patent classification rely on…
Deep learning as represented by the artificial deep neural networks (DNNs) has achieved great success in many important areas that deal with text, images, videos, graphs, and so on. However, the black-box nature of DNNs has become one of…
Neural networks have emerged as powerful tools across various applications, yet their decision-making process often remains opaque, leading to them being perceived as "black boxes." This opacity raises concerns about their interpretability…
To tackle increasingly complex tasks, it has become an essential ability of neural networks to learn abstract representations. These task-specific representations and, particularly, the invariances they capture turn neural networks into…
Fisher Vector classifiers and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are popular and successful algorithms for solving image classification problems. However, both are generally considered `black box' predictors as the non-linear transformations…
The conventional, widely used treatment of deep learning models as black boxes provides limited or no insights into the mechanisms that guide neural network decisions. Significant research effort has been dedicated to building interpretable…
Artificial intelligence, particularly through recent advancements in deep learning, has achieved exceptional performances in many tasks in fields such as natural language processing and computer vision. In addition to desirable evaluation…
Despite the remarkable performance, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) behave as black-boxes hindering user trust in Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. Research on opening black-box DNN can be broadly categorized into post-hoc methods and…
Embedded distributed inference of Neural Networks has emerged as a promising approach for deploying machine-learning models on resource-constrained devices in an efficient and scalable manner. The inference task is distributed across a…
Artificial neural networks have proven to be extremely useful models that have allowed for multiple recent breakthroughs in the field of Artificial Intelligence and many others. However, they are typically regarded as black boxes, given how…