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The invention of X-ray interferometers has led to advanced phase-sensing devices that are invaluable in various applications. These include the precise measurement of universal constants, e.g. the Avogadro number, of lattice parameters of…
Change detection from high-resolution remote sensing images lies as a cornerstone of Earth observation applications, yet its efficacy is often compromised by two critical challenges. First, false alarms are prevalent as models misinterpret…
We propose a new interferometer technique for high precision phase measurements such as those in gravitational wave detection. The technique utilizes a pair of optically coupled resonators that provides identical resonance conditions for…
Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) has been widely used as an analytical tool for many applications in science and engineering. In this paper, we describe the operation principle and practical implementation of an FTS prototype. First,…
Non-perturbative and phase-sensitive light-matter interactions have led to the generation of attosecond pulses of light and the control electrical currents on the same timescale. Traditionally, probing these effects via high harmonic…
Photometric stereo is a technique aimed at determining surface normals through the utilization of shading cues derived from images taken under different lighting conditions. However, existing learning-based approaches often fail to…
Conventional spectrometer and polarimeter systems rely on bulky optics, fundamentally limiting compact integration and hindering multi-dimensional optical sensing capabilities. Here, we propose a spectropolarimeter enabled by…
Two frequency combs can be used to measure the full complex response of a sample in a configuration which can be alternatively viewed as the equivalent of a dispersive Fourier transform spectrometer, infrared time domain spectrometer, or a…
A nonlinear interferometry scheme is described theoretically to induce and resolve electron wave- function beating on time scales shorter than the optical cycle of the time-delayed pump and probe pulses. By employing two moderately intense…
A novel variant of spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER) is introduced and experimentally demonstrated. Other than most previously demonstrated variants of SPIDER, our method is based on a…
We demonstrate a novel imaging approach and associated reconstruction algorithm for far-field coherent diffractive imaging, based on the measurement of a pair of laterally sheared diffraction patterns. The differential phase profile…
Fourier imaging is an indirect imaging method which records the diffraction pattern of the object scene coherently in the focal plane of the imaging system and reconstructs the image using computational resources. The spatial resolution,…
Probing the polarization of water molecules at charged interfaces by second harmonic generation spectroscopy has been heretofore limited to isotropic materials. Here, we report non-resonant nonlinear optical measurements at the interface of…
Nonlinear interferometers are promising tools for quantum metrology, as they are characterized by an improved phase sensitivity scaling compared to linear interferometers operating with classical light. However, the multimodeness of the…
Spectral and grating-based differential phase-contrast X-ray imaging are two emerging technologies that offer additional information compared with conventional attenuation-based X-ray imaging. In the case of spectral imaging,…
The problem of recovering a signal from its power spectrum, called phase retrieval, arises in many scientific fields. One of many examples is ultra-short laser pulse characterization in which the electromagnetic field is oscillating with…
Single-pixel imaging, with the advantages of a wide spectrum, beyond-visual-field imaging, and robustness to light scattering, has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Fourier single-pixel imaging (FSI) can reconstruct sharp…
The structures of interfaces of nano- and microscale objects in aqueous solution are important for a wide variety of physical, chemical and biological processes. Vibrational sum frequency scattering has emerged as a useful and unique probe…
Savitzky-Golay (SG) filters are finite impulse response (FIR) realizations of least-squares polynomial regression and they are widely used for filtering (e.g. smoothing, interpolating, predicting, differentiating) and processing (e.g.…
The optical frequency comb has made a significant impact in precision spectroscopy and on our ability to probe atomic, molecular and, recently, nuclear transitions to further our understanding of their fundamental properties and how their…