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Adversarial Training (AT) is a key defense against Machine Learning evasion attacks, but its effectiveness for real-world malware detection remains poorly understood. This uncertainty stems from a critical disconnect in prior research:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Hamid Bostani , Jacopo Cortellazzi , Daniel Arp , Fabio Pierazzi , Veelasha Moonsamy , Lorenzo Cavallaro

When machine learning is used for Android malware detection, an app needs to be represented in a numerical format for training and testing. We identify a widespread occurrence of distinct Android apps that have identical or nearly identical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Guojun Liu , Doina Caragea , Xinming Ou , Sankardas Roy

In evaluating detection methods, the malware research community relies on scan results obtained from online platforms such as VirusTotal. Nevertheless, given the lack of standards on how to interpret the obtained data to label apps,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Aleieldin Salem , Sebastian Banescu , Alexander Pretschner

Malware detection have used machine learning to detect malware in programs. These applications take in raw or processed binary data to neural network models to classify as benign or malicious files. Even though this approach has proven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Xiruo Wang , Risto Miikkulainen

Malware authors reuse the same program segments found in other applications for performing the similar kind of malicious activities such as information stealing, sending SMS and so on. Hence, there may exist several semantically similar…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Roopak Surendran

The amount of Android malware has increased greatly during the last few years. Static analysis is widely used in detecting such malware by analyzing the code without execution. The effectiveness of current tools relies on the app model as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-04-11 Mohsin Junaid , Donggang Liu , David Kung

In recent years we have witnessed an increase in cyber threats and malicious software attacks on different platforms with important consequences to persons and businesses. It has become critical to find automated machine learning techniques…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Abir Rahali , Moulay A. Akhloufi

App repackaging refers to the practice of customizing an existing mobile app and redistributing it in the wild to fool the final user into installing the repackaged app instead of the original one. In this way, an attacker can embed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Alessio Merlo , Antonio Ruggia , Luigi Sciolla , Luca Verderame

Static detection technologies based on signature-based approaches that are widely used in Android platform to detect malicious applications. It can accurately detect malware by extracting signatures from test data and then comparing the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-27 Sanya Chaba , Rahul Kumar , Rohan Pant , Mayank Dave

The rapidly evolving Android malware ecosystem demands high-quality, real-time datasets as a foundation for effective detection and defense. With the widespread adoption of mobile devices across industrial systems, they have become a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Hongpeng Bai , Minhong Dong , Yao Zhang , Shunzhe Zhao , Haobo Zhang , Lingyue Li , Yude Bai , Guangquan Xu

Recent research efforts on adversarial machine learning (ML) have investigated problem-space attacks, focusing on the generation of real evasive objects in domains where, unlike images, there is no clear inverse mapping to the feature space…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Jacopo Cortellazzi , Feargus Pendlebury , Daniel Arp , Erwin Quiring , Fabio Pierazzi , Lorenzo Cavallaro

Recent work has shown that deep-learning algorithms for malware detection are also susceptible to adversarial examples, i.e., carefully-crafted perturbations to input malware that enable misleading classification. Although this has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Luca Demetrio , Battista Biggio , Giovanni Lagorio , Fabio Roli , Alessandro Armando

Android malware still represents the most significant threat to mobile systems. While Machine Learning systems are increasingly used to identify these threats, past studies have revealed that attackers can bypass these detection mechanisms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Diego Soi , Davide Maiorca , Giorgio Giacinto , Harel Berger

Machine learning-based malware detection is known to be vulnerable to adversarial evasion attacks. The state-of-the-art is that there are no effective defenses against these attacks. As a response to the adversarial malware classification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Deqiang Li , Qianmu Li , Yanfang Ye , Shouhuai Xu

According to the Symantec and F-Secure threat reports, mobile malware development in 2013 and 2014 has continued to focus almost exclusively ~99% on the Android platform. Malware writers are applying stealthy mutations (obfuscations) to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-02-23 Shahid Alam , Zhengyang Qu , Ryan Riley , Yan Chen , Vaibhav Rastogi

This paper introduces a malware detection system for smartphones based on studying the dynamic behavior of suspicious applications. The main goal is to prevent the installation of the malicious software on the victim systems. The approach…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Jorge Maestre Vidal , Marco Antonio Sotelo Monge , Luis Javier García Villalba

Machine learning has been used to detect new malware in recent years, while malware authors have strong motivation to attack such algorithms. Malware authors usually have no access to the detailed structures and parameters of the machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Weiwei Hu , Ying Tan

A recent report indicates that there is a new malicious app introduced every 4 seconds. This rapid malware distribution rate causes existing malware detection systems to fall far behind, allowing malicious apps to escape vetting efforts and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Lichao Sun , Xiaokai Wei , Jiawei Zhang , Lifang He , Philip S. Yu , Witawas Srisa-an

Android has become the most popular mobile operating system. Correspondingly, an increasing number of Android malware has been developed and spread to steal users' private information. There exists one type of malware whose benign behaviors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Yueming Wu , Deqing Zou , Wei Yang , Xiang Li , Hai Jin

The escalating sophistication of Android malware poses significant challenges to traditional detection methods, necessitating innovative approaches that can efficiently identify and classify threats with high precision. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Safayat Bin Hakim , Muhammad Adil , Kamal Acharya , Houbing Herbert Song