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To deal with uncertainty in reasoning, interval-valued logic has been developed. But uniform intervals cannot capture the difference in degrees of belief for different values in the interval. To salvage the problem triangular and…
Models of complex networks are generally defined as graph stochastic processes in which edges and vertices are added or deleted over time to simulate the evolution of networks. Here, we define a unifying framework - probabilistic inductive…
This article introduces probabilistic disjunctive normal forms (PDNFs) as a framework for representing and reasoning about uncertainty in logical systems. Unlike classical DNFs, PDNFs assign real-valued weights to variables, encoding…
In a recent paper as an alternative to models based on the notion of ideal mathematical point, characterized by a property of separatedness, we considered a viewpoint based on the notion of continuous change, making use of elements of a…
The theory of fuzzy sets has a wide range of applications, one of which is that of fuzzy groups . The fuzzy sets were introduced by Zadeh. Even though, the story of fuzzy logic started much earlier, it was specially designed mathematically…
We introduce the concept of indexed identity, where the usual notion of identity is a particular case. Our mathematical framework allows us a generalized method for `indexing' predicates, which corresponds to `fuzzification' of properties,…
Methods for analyzing or learning from "fuzzy data" have attracted increasing attention in recent years. In many cases, however, existing methods (for precise, non-fuzzy data) are extended to the fuzzy case in an ad-hoc manner, and without…
In this paper we generalize the intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), paraconsistent set, and intuitionistic set to the neutrosophic set (NS). Several examples are presented. Also, a geometric interpretation of the Neutrosophic Set is given using…
Starting from the primary representation of neutrosophic information, namely the degree of truth, degree of indeterminacy and degree of falsity, we define a nuanced representation in a penta valued fuzzy space, described by the index of…
Entropy is a measure of heterogeneity widely used in applied sciences, often when data are collected over space. Recently, a number of approaches has been proposed to include spatial information in entropy. The aim of entropy is to…
The starting point of this paper is the introduction of a new measure of inclusion of fuzzy set A in fuzzy set B. Previously used inclusion measures take values in the interval [0,1]; the inclusion measure proposed here takes values in a…
In this paper we establish a link between fuzzy and preferential semantics for description logics and Self-Organising Maps, which have been proposed as possible candidates to explain the psychological mechanisms underlying category…
Within the framework proposed in this paper, we address the issue of extending the certain networks to a fuzzy certain networks in order to cope with a vagueness and limitations of existing models for decision under imprecise and uncertain…
Lukasiewicz logic is a "fuzzy" logic in which truth value can be real numbers in the unit interval. There are connectives for min, max, addition and complement (1-x). The "value" of a closed formula in a fuzzy (relational model) is defined…
In this paper, we present the interval neutrosophic logics which generalizes the fuzzy logic, paraconsistent logic, intuitionistic fuzzy logic and many other non-classical and non-standard logics. We will give the formal definition of…
One of the main challenges in the area of Neuro-Symbolic AI is to perform logical reasoning in the presence of both neural and symbolic data. This requires combining heterogeneous data sources such as knowledge graphs, neural model…
Collocations are important for many tasks of Natural language processing such as information retrieval, machine translation, computational lexicography etc. So far many statistical methods have been used for collocation extraction. Almost…
Over the past decade a considerable amount of research has been done to expand logic programming languages to handle incomplete information. One such language is the language of epistemic specifications. As is usual with logic programming…
Trustworthiness especially for service oriented system is very important topic now a day in IT field of the whole world. Certain Trust Model depends on some certain values given by experts and developers. Here, main parameters for…
In this paper, we introduce concept of bipolar neutrosophic set and its some operations. Also, we propose score, certainty and accuracy functions to compare the bipolar neutrosophic sets. Then, we develop the bipolar neutrosophic weighted…