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The transmission of a vertex in a connected graph is the sum of distances from that vertex to all the other vertices. A connected graph is transmission irregular if any two distinct vertices have different transmissions. We present an…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Ivan Stošić , Ivan Damnjanović

We introduce a homotopy theory of digraphs (directed graphs) and prove its basic properties, including the relations to the homology theory of digraphs constructed by the authors in previous papers. In particular, we prove the homotopy…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-07-02 Alexander Grigor'yan , Yong Lin , Yuri Muranov , Shing-Tung Yau

Quantum graphs are defined by having a Laplacian defined on the edges of a metric graph with boundary conditions on each vertex such that the resulting operator, $\mathbf{L}$, is self-adjoint. We use Neumann boundary conditions although we…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Mats-Erik Pistol

Nonlinear spectral graph theory is an extension of the traditional (linear) spectral graph theory and studies relationships between spectral properties of nonlinear operators defined on a graph and topological properties of the graph…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-07 Piero Deidda , Francesco Tudisco , Dong Zhang

Let $S$ be a set of transpositions generating the symmetric group $S_n$. The transposition graph of $S$ is defined to be the graph with vertex set $\{1,\ldots,n\}$, and with vertices $i$ and $j$ being adjacent in $T(S)$ whenever $(i,j) \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-18 Ashwin Ganesan

The criteria for determining graph isomorphism are crucial for solving graph isomorphism problems. The necessary condition is that two isomorphic graphs possess invariants, but their function can only be used to filtrate and subdivide…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Chuanfu Hu , Aimin Hou

A graph is reconstructible if it is determined up to isomorphism by the multiset of its proper induced subgraphs. The reconstruction conjecture postulates that every graph of order at least 3 is reconstructible. We show that interval graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Irene Heinrich , Masashi Kiyomi , Yota Otachi , Pascal Schweitzer

This is a revision of the paper archived previously on August 22, 2002. It corrects a mistake in Sec. 8 concerning eccentricities of graphs. From any given sequence of finite or infinite graphs, a nonstandard graph is constructed. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. H. Zemanian

In this short note, we introduce cospectral graphons, paralleling the notion of cospectral graphs. As in the graph case, we give three equivalent definitions: by equality of spectra, by equality of cycle densities, and by a unitary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-21 Jan Hladký , Daniel Iľkovič , Jared León , Xichao Shu

Two signed graphs are called switching isomorphic if one of them is isomorphic to a switching equivalent of the other. To determine the number of switching non-isomorphic signed graphs on a specific graph, we will establish a method based…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Yousef Bagheri , Alireza Moghadamfar , Farzaneh Ramezani

A block graph is a graph in which every block is a complete graph. Let $G$ be a block graph and let $A(G)$ be its (0,1)-adjacency matrix. Graph $G$ is called nonsingular (singular) if $A(G)$ is nonsingular (singular). An interesting open…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Ranveer Singh , Cheng Zheng , Naomi Shaked-Monderer , Abraham Berman

Babel has shown that for an extended class of chordal (6, 3) graphs the coarsest regular simplicial partition is equivalent to the graph's automorphism partition. We give a reversible transformation for any graph to one of these graph by…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-10-03 M. Delacorte

Nonstandard graphs have been defined and examined in prior works. The present work does the same for nonstandard digraphs. Since digraphs have more structure than do graphs, the present discussion requires more complicated definitions and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-28 A. H. Zemanian

A T-graph (a special case of a chordal graph) is the intersection graph of connected subtrees of a suitable subdivision of a fixed tree T . We deal with the isomorphism problem for T-graphs which is GI-complete in general - when T is a part…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Deniz Ağaoğlu Çağırıcı , Petr Hliněný

We present groupoid morphisms as an algebraic structure for nonautonomous dynamics, as well as a generalization of group morphisms, which describe classic dynamical systems. We introduce the structure of cotranslations, as a specific kind…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-11-14 Néstor Jara

Relationship between agents can be conveniently represented by graphs. When these relationships have different modalities, they are better modelled by multilayer graphs where each layer is associated with one modality. Such graphs arise…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-05 Guillaume Braun , Hemant Tyagi , Christophe Biernacki

In this work we develop a theory of hierarchical clustering for graphs. Our modeling assumption is that graphs are sampled from a graphon, which is a powerful and general model for generating graphs and analyzing large networks. Graphons…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-24 Justin Eldridge , Mikhail Belkin , Yusu Wang

In this paper, we show the existence of a polynomial time graph isomorphism algorithm for all graphs excluding graphs that are locally trianglefree. This particular class of graphs allows to divide the graph into neighbourhood sub-graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-02 Fahad Bin Mortuza

We summarize different approaches to the theory of quantum graphs and provide several ways to construct concrete examples. First, we classify all undirected quantum graphs on the quantum space $M_2$. Secondly, we apply the theory of…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2022-12-15 Daniel Gromada

Coalescing involves gluing one or more rooted graphs onto another graph. Under specific conditions, it is possible to start with cospectral graphs that are coalesced in similar ways that will result in new cospectral graphs. We present a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Sajid Bin Mahamud , Steve Butler , Hannah Graff , Nick Layman , Taylor Luck , Jiah Jin , Noah Owen , Angela Yuan