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The relic gravitational wave (RGW) generated during the inflation depends on the initial condition via the amplitude, the spectral index $n_t$ and the running index $\alpha_t$. CMB observations so far have only constrained the tensor-scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-22 Jie-Wen Chen , Yang Zhang , Wen Zhao , Ming-Lei Tong

We study the impact of a running index $\alpha_t$ on the spectrum of relic gravitational waves (RGWs) over the whole range of frequency $(10^{-18}\sim 10^{10})$ Hz and reveal its implications in RGWs detections and in cosmology. Analytical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-29 Ming-Lei Tong , Yang Zhang

As the strong evidence for inflation, the relic gravitational waves (RGW) have been extensively studied. Although, it has not been detected, yet some constraints have been achieved by the observations. Future experiments for the RGW…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Wen Zhao , Yang Zhang

We obtained the analytic solutions of relic gravitational waves (RGWs) for the slow-roll inflation with a power-law form potential of the scalar field, $V=\lambda\phi^n$. Based on a reasonable range of $n$ constrained by cosmic microwave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Ming-Lei Tong

Gravitational-wave (GW) parameter estimation typically assumes that instrumental noise is Gaussian and stationary. Obvious departures from this idealization are typically handled on a case-by-case basis, e.g., through bespoke procedures to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 Ronan Legin , Maximiliano Isi , Kaze W. K. Wong , Yashar Hezaveh , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur

With LIGO having achieved its design sensitivity and the LIGO S5 strain data being available, constraints on the relic gravitational waves (RGWs) becomes realistic. The analytical spectrum of RGWs generated during inflation depends…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-25 Y. Zhang , M. L. Tong , Z. W. Fu

In this paper, we improve the calculation of the relic gravitational waves (RGW) in two aspects: First, we investigate the transfer function after considering the redshift-suppression effect, the accelerating expansion effect, the damping…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-06-01 Wen Zhao

The prospect of detecting relic gravitational waves (RGWs), through their imprint in the cosmic microwave background radiation, provides an excellent opportunity to study the very early Universe. In simplest viable theoretical models the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 W. Zhao , D. Baskaran

Detecting stochastic background radiation of cosmological origin is an exciting possibility for current and future gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. However, distinguishing it from other stochastic processes, such as instrumental noise and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-28 Quentin Baghi , Nikolaos Karnesis , Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Marc Besançon , Henri Inchauspé

We include the effect of neutrino free streaming into the spectrum of relic gravitational waves (RGWs) in the currently accelerating universe. For the realistic case of a varying fractional neutrino energy density and a non-vanishing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 H. X. Miao , Y. Zhang

Stochastic gravitational waves (GW) associated with unresolved astrophysical sources at frequency bands of the ongoing GW interferometers LIGO/VIRGO and LISA are studied. We show that GW noise from rotating galactic neutron stars with low…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. A. Postnov

The gravitational wave (GW) interferometers LISA and ET are expected to be functional in the next decade(s), possibly around the same time. They will operate over different frequency ranges, with similar integrated sensitivities to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-11 Alisha Marriott-Best , Debika Chowdhury , Anish Ghoshal , Gianmassimo Tasinato

Relic gravitational waves (RGWs) from early universe carry fundamental information, so it's extraordinarily important to search RGW signals from data of observatories like LIGO-Virgo network. Here, focusing on typical RGWs from inflation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-15 Minghui Zhang , Hao Wen

A GHz maser beam with Gaussian-type distribution passing through a homogenous static magnetic field can be used to detect gravitational waves (GWs) with the same frequency. The presence of GWs will perturb the electromagnetic (EM) fields,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Ming-lei Tong , Yang Zhang , Fang-Yu Li

Oscillations in the frequency profile of the stochastic gravitational wave background are a characteristic prediction of small-scale features during inflation. In this paper we present a first investigation of the detection prospects of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Jacopo Fumagalli , Mauro Pieroni , Sébastien Renaux-Petel , Lukas T. Witkowski

Extracting gravitational wave (GW) signals from individual Galactic binaries (GBs) against their self-generated confusion noise is a key data analysis challenge for space-borne detectors operating in the $\approx 0.1$ mHz to $\approx 10$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-30 Xue-Hao Zhang , Shao-Dong Zhao , Soumya D. Mohanty , Yu-Xiao Liu

Relic gravitational waves (RGWs) , a background originated during inflation, would give imprints on the pulsar timing residuals. This makes RGWs be one of important sources for detection using the method of pulsar timing. In this paper, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-16 Ming-Lei Tong , Yong-Heng Ding , Cheng-Shi Zhao , Feng Gao , Bao-Rong Yan , Ting-Gao Yang , Yu-Ping Gao

Gravitational waves (GWs) produced by sound waves in the primordial plasma during a strong first-order phase transition in the early Universe are going to be a main target of the upcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-11-17 Kai Schmitz

The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) offers a new opportunity to observe signals of primordial features from inflationary models. We study their detectability with future space-based gravitational waves experiments, focusing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-17 Matteo Braglia , Xingang Chen , Dhiraj Kumar Hazra

Understanding and dealing with inference biases in gravitational-wave (GW) parameter estimation when a plethora of signals are present in the data is one of the key challenges for the analysis of data from future GW detectors. Working…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-25 Andrea Antonelli , Ollie Burke , Jonathan R. Gair
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