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We introduce the notion of commuting probability, $p(G)$, for an algebraic group $G$. This notion is inspired by the corresponding notions in finite groups and compact groups. The computation of $p(G)$ for reductive groups is readily done…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-27 Shripad M. Garge

We study the operator-valued positive definite functions on a group using positive block matrices. We give an alternative proof to Brehmer positivity for doubly commuting contractions. We classify all commuting unitary representations over…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-12 Swapan Jana , Sourav Pal , Nitin Tomar

Let $Z(\cal L)$ be the center of a Lie algebra $\cal L$ with Lie bracket $[\cdot, \cdot]$. %We then define The commuting graph of $\cal L$ is then defined by the simple undirected graph $\Gamma({\cal L})=(V_{\cal L},E_{\cal L})$ in which…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Hieu V. Ha , Vu A. Le , Tuan A. Nguyen , Tuyen T. M. Nguyen , Hoa D. Quang

We determine all pairs of real numbers $(\alpha, \beta)$ such that the dilated floor functions $\lfloor \alpha x\rfloor$ and $\lfloor \beta x\rfloor$ commute under composition, i.e., such that $\lfloor \alpha \lfloor \beta x\rfloor\rfloor =…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-11 Jeffrey C. Lagarias , Takumi Murayama , D. Harry Richman

In this paper, we initiate the study of spectrum of the commuting graphs of finite non-abelian groups. We first compute the spectrum of this graph for several classes of finite groups, in particular AC-groups. We show that the commuting…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-26 Jutirekha Dutta , Rajat Kanti Nath

A $biased\ graph$ is a pair $(G,\mathcal{B})$, where $G$ is a graph and $\mathcal{B}$ is a collection of `balanced' circuits of $G$ such that no $\Theta$-subgraph of $G$ contains precisely two balanced circuits. We prove a Ramsey-type…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-28 Peter Nelson , Sophia Park

We study quantum equivalents of non-commutative operators in quantum mechanics. Any matrix "$B$" satisfying the non-commuting relation $[A,B]\neq 0$ with "$A$", can be used via $B^{-1} AB$ to reproduce eigenvalues of "$A$". This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-24 Biswanath Rath

We describe an algorithm to decompose rational functions from which we determine the poset of groups fixing these functions.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-08-21 John McKay , David Sevilla

A Latt\`es map $f\colon \hat{\mathbb{C}}\rightarrow \hat{\mathbb{C}}$ is a rational map that is obtained from a finite quotient of a conformal torus endomorphism. We characterize Latt\`es maps by their combinatorial expansion behavior.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Qian Yin

In this paper, we consider various graphs, namely: power graph, cyclic graph, enhanced power graph and commuting graph, on a finite semigroup $S$. For an arbitrary pair of these four graphs, we classify finite semigroups such that the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-23 Sandeep Dalal , Jitender Kumar

Some polynomials $P$ with rational coefficients give rise to well defined maps between cyclic groups, $\Z_q\longrightarrow\Z_r$, $x+q\Z\longmapsto P(x)+r\Z$. More generally, there are polynomials in several variables with tuples of rational…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2021-02-11 Uwe Schauz

There are two fundamentally different approaches to specifying and verifying properties of systems. The logical approach makes use of specifications given as formulae of temporal or modal logics and relies on efficient model checking…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-06-05 Nikola Beneš , Benoît Delahaye , Uli Fahrenberg , Jan Křetínský , Axel Legay

For a group $G$ and a subset $X$ of $G$, the commuting graph of $X$, denoted by $\Gamma(G,X)$ is the graph whose vertex set is $X$ and any two vertices $u$ and $v$ in $X$ are adjacent if and only if they commute in $G$. In this article,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-12 Vipul Kakkar , Gopal Singh Rawat

We construct a class of II_1 factors M that admit unclassifiably many Cartan subalgebras in the sense that the equivalence relation of being conjugate by an automorphism of M is complete analytic, in particular non Borel. We also construct…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2012-08-20 An Speelman , Stefaan Vaes

We show a close relationship between non-degenerate smooth commuting squares of $II_1$-factors with all inclusions of finite index and inclusions of subfactor planar algebras by showing that each leads to a construction of the other. One…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2019-12-11 Keshab Chandra Bakshi , Vijay Kodiyalam

Let $\mathcal{R}$ be a $2$-torsion free commutative ring with unity, $X$ a locally finite pre-ordered set and $I(X,\mathcal{R})$ the incidence algebra of $X$ over $\mathcal{R}$. If $X$ consists of a finite number of connected components, in…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2019-02-25 Hongyu Jia , Zhankui Xiao

The set of all centralizers of elements in a finite group $G$ is denoted by $Cent(G)$ and $G$ is called $n-$centralizer if $|Cent(G)| = n$. In this paper, the structure of centralizers in a non-abelian finite group $G$ with this property…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-25 A. R. Ashrafi , M. A. Salahshour

In this article we consider a space B_{com}G assembled from commuting elements in a Lie group G first defined in [Adem, Cohen, Torres-Giese 2012]. We describe homotopy-theoretic properties of these spaces using homotopy colimits, and their…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2015-05-27 Alejandro Adem , José Manuel Gómez

Let $D\subseteq B$ be an extension of integral domains and $E$ a subset of the quotient field of $D$. We introduce the ring of \textit{$D$-valued $B$-rational functions on $E$}, denoted by $Int^R_B(E,D)$, which naturally extends the…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-11-07 Mohamed Mahmoud Chems-Eddin , Badr Feryouch , Hakima Mouanis , Ali Tamoussit

Let $R$ be a noncommutative ring with identity. The commuting graph of $R$, denoted by $\Gamma(R)$, is a graph with vertex set $R \setminus Z(R)$, and two vertices $a$, $b$ are adjacent if $a\neq b$ and $ab=ba$. Let $T=Tr(R)$ be the ring of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Hassan Cheraghpour , Nader M. Ghosseiri , Madineh Jafari , Farnaz Seyfpour