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Machine reading is a fundamental task for testing the capability of natural language understanding, which is closely related to human cognition in many aspects. With the rising of deep learning techniques, algorithmic models rival human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Jian Liu , Leyang Cui , Hanmeng Liu , Dandan Huang , Yile Wang , Yue Zhang

A common problem for automatic speech recognition systems is how to recognize words that they did not see during training. Currently there is no established method of evaluating different techniques for tackling this problem. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Rudolf A. Braun , Srikanth Madikeri , Petr Motlicek

We present a first large-scale public synthetic dataset for contextual spellchecking customization of automatic speech recognition (ASR) with focus on diverse rare and out-of-vocabulary (OOV) phrases, such as proper names or terms. The…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-02 Alexandra Antonova

While models have reached superhuman performance on popular question answering (QA) datasets such as SQuAD, they have yet to outperform humans on the task of question answering itself. In this paper, we investigate if models are learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Priyanka Sen , Amir Saffari

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in various downstream tasks, inspiring the development of Speech Understanding Language Models (SULMs) to enable comprehensive speech-based interactions. However, most advanced…

Question-answering (QA) models have advanced significantly in machine reading comprehension but often exhibit biases that hinder their performance, particularly with complex queries in adversarial conditions. This study evaluates the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yuefeng Wang , ChangJae Lee

Dialogue assessment plays a critical role in the development of open-domain dialogue systems. Existing work are uncapable of providing an end-to-end and human-epistemic assessment dataset, while they only provide sub-metrics like coherence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yukun Zhao , Lingyong Yan , Weiwei Sun , Chong Meng , Shuaiqiang Wang , Zhicong Cheng , Zhaochun Ren , Dawei Yin

Text encodings from automatic speech recognition (ASR) transcripts and audio representations have shown promise in speech emotion recognition (SER) ever since. Yet, it is challenging to explain the effect of each information stream on the…

Large Language Model (LLM) has gained popularity and achieved remarkable results in open-domain tasks, but its performance in real industrial domain-specific scenarios is average due to its lack of specific domain knowledge. This issue has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Fangkai Yang , Pu Zhao , Zezhong Wang , Lu Wang , Jue Zhang , Mohit Garg , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang

While various end-to-end models for spoken language understanding tasks have been explored recently, this paper is probably the first known attempt to challenge the very difficult task of end-to-end spoken question answering (SQA). Learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Yung-Sung Chuang , Chi-Liang Liu , Hung-Yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

While question answering (QA) with neural network, i.e. neural QA, has achieved promising results in recent years, lacking of large scale real-word QA dataset is still a challenge for developing and evaluating neural QA system. To alleviate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Peng Li , Wei Li , Zhengyan He , Xuguang Wang , Ying Cao , Jie Zhou , Wei Xu

Open-domain Question Answering (OpenQA) is an important task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), which aims to answer a question in the form of natural language based on large-scale unstructured documents. Recently, there has been a surge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Fengbin Zhu , Wenqiang Lei , Chao Wang , Jianming Zheng , Soujanya Poria , Tat-Seng Chua

In recent years, there have been amazing advances in deep learning methods for machine reading. In machine reading, the machine reader has to extract the answer from the given ground truth paragraph. Recently, the state-of-the-art machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Phu Mon Htut , Samuel R. Bowman , Kyunghyun Cho

Whisper's robust performance in automatic speech recognition (ASR) is often attributed to its massive 680k-hour training set, an impractical scale for most researchers. In this work, we examine how linguistic and acoustic diversity in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Dancheng Liu , Amir Nassereldine , Chenhui Xu , Jinjun Xiong

We present TriviaQA, a challenging reading comprehension dataset containing over 650K question-answer-evidence triples. TriviaQA includes 95K question-answer pairs authored by trivia enthusiasts and independently gathered evidence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Mandar Joshi , Eunsol Choi , Daniel S. Weld , Luke Zettlemoyer

Research into the prediction and analysis of perceived audio quality is hampered by the scarcity of openly available datasets of audio signals accompanied by corresponding subjective quality scores. To address this problem, we present the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-02 Matteo Torcoli , Chih-Wei Wu , Sascha Dick , Phillip A. Williams , Mhd Modar Halimeh , William Wolcott , Emanuel A. P. Habets

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has transformed speech processing, yet its reliance on massive pre-training datasets remains a bottleneck. While robustness is often attributed to scale and diversity, the role of the data distribution is less…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ryan Whetten , Titouan Parcollet , Marco Dinarelli , Yannick Estève

Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing information retrieval, with chatbots becoming an important source for answering user queries. As by their design, LLMs prioritize generating correct answers, the value of highly plausible yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Jamshid Mozafari , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Bhawna Piryani , Adam Jatowt

Open-domain question answering can be reformulated as a phrase retrieval problem, without the need for processing documents on-demand during inference (Seo et al., 2019). However, current phrase retrieval models heavily depend on sparse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Jinhyuk Lee , Mujeen Sung , Jaewoo Kang , Danqi Chen

Building an accurate automatic speech recognition (ASR) system requires a large dataset that contains many hours of labeled speech samples produced by a diverse set of speakers. The lack of such open free datasets is one of the main issues…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Jason Li , Ravi Gadde , Boris Ginsburg , Vitaly Lavrukhin