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Related papers: Freezing-in the Hierarchy Problem

200 papers

We present a thorough analysis of the sequential freeze-in mechanism for dark matter production in the early universe. In this mechanism the dark matter relic density results from pair annihilation of mediator particles which are themselves…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-19 Genevieve Belanger , Cedric Delaunay , Alexander Pukhov , Bryan Zaldivar

We study the cosmological evolution and phenomenological properties of scalar bosons in the keV to MeV range that have a tiny mixing with the Standard Model Higgs boson. The mixing determines both the abundance of light scalars produced via…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-06 Saniya Heeba , Felix Kahlhoefer , Patrick Stöcker

Thermal freeze-out offers an attractive explanation of the dark matter density free from fine-tuning of initial conditions. For dark matter with a mass below tens of MeV, photons, electrons, and neutrinos are the only available direct…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-10 Xiaoyong Chu , Josef Pradler

Dark Matter relic density generation through \textit{freeze-in} mechanism where dark matter particles interact feebly with visible sector particles, is an alternative approach to well-studied and most popular \textit{freeze-out} paradigm.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-27 Joydeep Roy

Freeze-in dark matter (DM) mediated by a light ($\ll$ keV) weakly-coupled dark-photon is an important benchmark for the emerging low-mass direct detection program. Since this is one of the only predictive, detectable freeze-in models, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-10-26 Gordan Krnjaic

We study the interactions between strongly interacting massive particle dark matter and the Standard Model via a massive vector boson that is kinetically mixed with the hypercharge gauge boson. The relic abundance is set by 3-to-2…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-03-22 Yonit Hochberg , Eric Kuflik , Hitoshi Murayama

We study a novel dark matter production mechanism based on the freeze-in through semi-production, i.e. the inverse semi-annihilation processes. A peculiar feature of this scenario is that the production rate is suppressed by a small initial…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-06-08 Andrzej Hryczuk , Maxim Laletin

The regime of dark matter (DM) freeze-in at stronger coupling interpolates between freeze-in and freeze-out. It relies on Boltzmann-suppressed dark matter production, implying that the Standard Model bath temperature never exceeds the dark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-09 Niko Koivunen , Oleg Lebedev , Martti Raidal

Kinematically forbidden channels can set the freeze-out dark matter (DM) relic abundance. These channels are described by DM annihilations into heavier states, which vanish at zero temperature limit, but occur at finite temperatures in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-11-30 Kwei-Chou Yang

We present a new dark matter candidate, the `inELastically DEcoupling Relic' (iELDER), which is a cold thermal relic whose abundance is determined by the freeze out of its inelastic scattering off of bath particles in the presence of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-08 Ronny Frumkin , Yonit Hochberg , Eric Kuflik , Binyamin Vilk

The suppression of cosmological structure at small scales is a key signature of dark matter (DM) produced via freeze-in in the low-mass regime. We present a comprehensive analysis of its impact, incorporating recent constraints from Milky…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-12 Francesco D'Eramo , Alessandro Lenoci , Ariane Dekker

We explore a class of dark matter models with two dark matter candidates, only one interacts with the standard model sector. One of the dark matter is thermalized with the assistance of the other stable particle. While both stable particles…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-03 Genevieve Belanger , Jong-Chul Park

The particle-physics nature of dark matter (DM) remains one of the central open questions in modern physics. A widely used framework to investigate DM properties is provided by simplified models (DMSimps), which extend the Standard Model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-13 Mattia Di Mauro , Bohan Xie

We study the general properties of the freezeout of a thermal relic. We give analytic estimates of the relic abundance for an arbitrary freezeout process, showing when instantaneous freezeout is appropriate and how it can be corrected when…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-09 Ronny Frumkin , Eric Kuflik , Itay Lavie , Tal Silverwater

Dark matter (DM) charged under a dark U(1) force appears in many extensions of the Standard Model, and has been invoked to explain anomalies in cosmic-ray data, as well as a self-interacting DM candidate. In this paper, we perform a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-05-23 Marco Cirelli , Paolo Panci , Kalliopi Petraki , Filippo Sala , Marco Taoso

Cosmological models involving an interaction between dark matter and dark energy have been proposed in order to solve the so-called coincidence problem. Different forms of coupling have been studied, but there have been claims that…

We consider a dark sector consisting of fermionic dark matter (DM) charged under a broken dark $U(1)_D$ gauge symmetry, interacting with the Standard Model through kinetic mixing. In such models, the DM annihilation cross section is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-20 Peisi Huang , Anibal D. Medina , Carlos E. M. Wagner

We have developed a set of four fully coupled Boltzmann equations to precisely determine the relic density and temperature of dark matter by including three distinct sectors: dark matter, light scalar, and standard model sectors. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-25 Xin-Chen Duan , Raymundo Ramos , Yue-Lin Sming Tsai

The non-detection of dark matter may be attributed to the dark matter residing in a darker hidden sector. We explore the possibility that a hidden sector produced through the freeze-in mechanism, can further generate an even more hidden…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-05 Wan-Zhe Feng , Zi-Hui Zhang

We revisit the singlet scalar dark matter model in the presence of a non-standard cosmological history prior to radiation domination. We focus on the regime in which the relic abundance is set by 4-to-2 self-annihilations while the dark and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-09 Geneviève Bélanger , Nicolás Bernal , Alexander Pukhov