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The probability of there being sufficient inflation to solve the fine-tuning associated with the horizon and flatness problems has recently been shown to be exponentially small, within the context of classical general relativity. Here this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-08-27 William Nelson

In loop quantum gravity, modifications to the geometrical density cause a self-interacting scalar field to accelerate away from a minimum of its potential. In principle, this mechanism can generate the conditions that subsequently lead to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Martin Bojowald , James E. Lidsey , David J. Mulryne , Parampreet Singh , Reza Tavakol

We consider the no-boundary proposal for homogeneous isotropic closed universes with a cosmological constant and a scalar field with a quadratic potential. In the semi-classical limit, it predicts classical behavior at late times if the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 James B. Hartle , S. W. Hawking , Thomas Hertog

Our review is devoted to three promising research lines in quantum cosmology and the physics of the early universe. The nonperturbative renormalization programme is making encouraging progress that we here assess from the point of view of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-15 Giampiero Esposito

We construct and study Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) when the Barbero-Immirzi parameter takes the complex value $\gamma=\pm i$. We refer to this new quantum cosmology as complex Loop Quantum Cosmology. We proceed in making an analytic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Jibril Ben Achour , Julien Grain , Karim Noui

A discrete class of privileged reference frames in a closed universe with identical equations of motion for physical degrees of freedom was found. A representation of the quantum state of the universe in a privileged reference frame was…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-17 Natalia Gorobey , Alexander Lukyanenk , A. V. Goltsev

We identify a fundamental obstruction to any theory of the beginning of the universe, formulated as a semiclassical path integral. Hartle and Hawking's no boundary proposal and Vilenkin's tunneling proposal are examples of such theories.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-11-01 Job Feldbrugge , Jean-Luc Lehners , Neil Turok

We develop a general framework for effective equations of expectation values in quantum cosmology and pose for them the quantum Cauchy problem with no-boundary and tunneling wavefunctions. We apply this framework in the model with a big…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 A. O. Barvinsky , D. V. Nesterov

Loop quantum cosmology (LQC) provides promising resolutions to the trans-Planckian issue and initial singularity arising in the inflationary models of general relativity. In general, due to different quantization approaches, LQC involves…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-10 Tao Zhu , Anzhong Wang , Gerald Cleaver , Klaus Kirsten , Qin Sheng , Qiang Wu

The primordial Universe can be used as a laboratory to set constraints on quantum gravity. In the framework of Loop Quantum Cosmology, we show that such a proposal for quantum gravity not only solves for the big bang singularity issue but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-06-08 Julien Grain

Loop quantum gravity introduces strong non-perturbative modifications to the dynamical equations in the semi-classical regime, which are responsible for various novel effects, including resolution of the classical singularity in a Friedman…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Martin Bojowald , Roy Maartens , Parampreet Singh

Despite its great successes in accounting for the current observations, the so called `standard' model of cosmology faces a number of fundamental unresolved questions. Paramount among these are those relating to the nature of the origin of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-29 Martin Bojowald , Reza Tavakol

This work is an analytical study of the main differences between classical inflationary effects of a fast-roll regime and imprints of hybrid Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) on the primordial power spectrum. Effective LQC solutions of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-01 Beatriz Elizaga Navascués , Guillermo A. Mena Marugán

We conduct a (pre-)inflationary dynamics study within the framework of a simple noncommutative extension of effective loop quantum cosmology -- put forward recently by the authors -- which preserves its key features (in particular, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-04 Luis Rey Díaz-Barrón , Abraham Espinoza-García , S. Pérez-Payán , J. Socorro

In this paper, we first provide a brief review of the effective dynamics of two recently well-studied models of modified loop quantum cosmologies (mLQCs), which arise from different regularizations of the Hamiltonian constraint and show the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-25 Bao-Fei Li , Parampreet Singh , Anzhong Wang

Loop quantum cosmology (LQC) provides a resolution of the classical big bang singularity in the deep Planck era. The evolution, prior to the usual slow-roll inflation, naturally generates excited states at the onset of the slow-roll…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Tao Zhu , Anzhong Wang , Klaus Kirsten , Gerald Cleaver , Qin Sheng

We perform a LQC-quantization of the FRW cosmological model with nonminimally coupled scalar field. Making use of a canonical transformation, we recast the theory in the minimally coupled form (Einstein frame), for which standard LQC…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-21 Michal Artymowski , Andrea Dapor , Tomasz Pawlowski

A brief review of the modern state of quantum cosmology is presented as a theory of quantum initial conditions for inflationary scenario. The no-boundary and tunneling states of the Universe are discussed as a possible source of probability…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 A. O. Barvinsky

The no-boundary proposal is a theory of the initial conditions of the universe formulated in semi-classical gravity, and relying on the existence of regular (complex) solutions of the equations of motion. We show by explicit computation…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-12 Caroline Jonas , Jean-Luc Lehners

Positively-curved, oscillatory universes are studied within the context of Loop Quantum Cosmology subject to a consistent semi-classical treatment. The semi-classical effects are reformulated in terms of an effective phantom fluid with a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 James E. Lidsey , David J. Mulryne , N. J. Nunes , Reza Tavakol