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Web applications require exchanging parameters between a client and a server to function properly. In real-world systems such as online banking transfer, traversing multiple pages with parameters contributed by both the user and server is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-06-09 Adonis P. H. Fung , Tielei Wang , K. W. Cheung , T. Y. Wong

In this paper, we uncover the essential features of websites that allow intelligent models to distinguish between phishing and legitimate sites. Phishing websites are those that are made with a similar user interface and a near similar…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Arash Negahdari Kia , Finbarr Murphy , Zahra Dehghani Mohammadabadi , Parisa Shamsi

Penetration testing, a critical component of cybersecurity, typically requires extensive time and effort to find vulnerabilities. Beginners in this field often benefit from collaborative approaches with the community or experts. To address…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Derry Pratama , Naufal Suryanto , Andro Aprila Adiputra , Thi-Thu-Huong Le , Ahmada Yusril Kadiptya , Muhammad Iqbal , Howon Kim

Passwords are undoubtedly the most dominant user authentication mechanism on the web today. Although they are inexpensive and easy-to-use, security concerns of password-based authentication are serious. Phishing and theft of password…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Klaudia Krawiecka , Arseny Kurnikov , Andrew Paverd , Mohammad Mannan , N. Asokan

With the rise of sophisticated scam websites that exploit human psychological vulnerabilities, distinguishing between legitimate and scam websites has become increasingly challenging. This paper presents ScamFerret, an innovative agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Hiroki Nakano , Takashi Koide , Daiki Chiba

From pre-training to query-time augmentation, web-scraped data helps to improve the quality and contextual relevancy of content generated by large language models (LLMs). However, large-scale web scraping to feed LLMs can affect site…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Steven Seiden , Triss Ren , Caroline Zhang , Taein Kim , Enze Liu , Emily Wenger

Autonomous browsing agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate web-based tasks. However, their reliance on dynamic content, tool execution, and user-provided data exposes them to a broad attack surface.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Mykyta Mudryi , Markiyan Chaklosh , Grzegorz Wójcik

Searching accounts for one of the most frequently performed computations over the Internet as well as one of the most important applications of outsourced computing, producing results that critically affect users' decision-making behaviors.…

In the realm of cybersecurity, phishing stands as a prevalent cyber attack, where attackers employ various tactics to deceive users into gathering their sensitive information, potentially leading to identity theft or financial gain.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Aditya Kulkarni , Vivek Balachandran , Tamal Das

Website fingerprinting (WF) attacks identify the websites visited over anonymized connections by analyzing patterns in network traffic flows, such as packet sizes, directions, or interval times using a machine learning classifier. Previous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Chuxu Song , Zining Fan , Hao Wang , Richard Martin

The primary objective of an anonymity tool is to protect the anonymity of its users through the implementation of strong encryption and obfuscation techniques. As a result, it becomes very difficult to monitor and identify users activities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Javeriah Saleem , Rafiqul Islam , Zahidul Islam

Cybersecurity attacks are growing both in frequency and sophistication over the years. This increasing sophistication and complexity call for more advancement and continuous innovation in defensive strategies. Traditional methods of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Antoine Delplace , Sheryl Hermoso , Kristofer Anandita

Credential compromise is hard to detect and hard to mitigate. To address this problem, we present larch, an accountable authentication framework with strong security and privacy properties. Larch protects user privacy while ensuring that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Emma Dauterman , Danny Lin , Henry Corrigan-Gibbs , David Mazières

In this digital era, our lives highly depend on the internet and worldwide technology. Wide usage of technology and platforms of communication makes our lives better and easier. But on the other side it carries out some security issues and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Muhammad Shoaib Farooq , Hina jabbar

Social engineering (SE) aims at deceiving users into performing actions that may compromise their security and privacy. These threats exploit weaknesses in human's decision making processes by using tactics such as pretext, baiting,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Irfan Ozen , Karthika Subramani , Phani Vadrevu , Roberto Perdisci

Throughout recent years, the importance of internet-privacy has continuously risen. [...] Browser fingerprinting is a technique that does not require cookies or persistent identifiers. It derives a sufficiently unique identifier from the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Sebastian Neef

Many password alternatives for web authentication proposed over the years, despite having different designs and objectives, all predominantly rely on the knowledge of some secret. This motivates us, herein, to provide the first detailed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Furkan Alaca , AbdelRahman Abdou , Paul C. van Oorschot

Swarm control is a difficult problem due to the need to guide a large number of agents simultaneously. We cast the problem as a shepherding problem, similar to biological dogs guiding a group of sheep towards a goal. The shepherd needs to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Alexander Gee , Hussein Abbass

In 2024, the Anti-Phishing Work Group identified over one million phishing pages. Phishers achieve this scale by using phishing kits -- ready-to-deploy phishing websites -- to rapidly deploy phishing campaigns with specific data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Aleksandr Nahapetyan , Kanv Khare , Kevin Schwarz , Bradley Reaves , Alexandros Kapravelos

Penetration testing is essential for identifying vulnerabilities in web applications before real adversaries can exploit them. Recent work has explored automating this process with Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents, but existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Huihui Huang , Jieke Shi , Junkai Chen , Ting Zhang , Yikun Li , Chengran Yang , Eng Lieh Ouh , Lwin Khin Shar , David Lo