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Objective: To perform a comprehensive comparative analysis of proton, helium-ion, and carbon-ion computed tomography (CT) as direct imaging modalities for hadron therapy treatment planning, focusing on Relative Stopping Power (RSP)…
In the past decade, we have witnessed rapid progress in the machine vision backbone. By introducing the inductive bias from the image processing, convolution neural network (CNN) has achieved excellent performance in numerous computer…
We propose a randomized version of the non-local means (NLM) algorithm for large-scale image filtering. The new algorithm, called Monte Carlo non-local means (MCNLM), speeds up the classical NLM by computing a small subset of image patch…
In this paper we present a method to robustly evaluate the quantitative accuracy of various tomographic phase microscopy (TPM) methods with a multiple scattering 3D-printed microphantom with known geometry and refractive index distribution.…
Substantial efforts have been devoted to the investigation of spatiotemporal correlations for improving traffic speed prediction accuracy. However, existing works typically model the correlations based solely on the observed traffic state…
In coherent imaging, speckle is statistically modeled as multiplicative noise, posing a fundamental challenge for image reconstruction. While maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) provides a principled framework for speckle mitigation, its…
For the in vivo range verification in proton therapy, it has been tried to measure the spatial distribution of the prompt gammas generated by the proton-induced interactions with the close relationship with the proton dose distribution.…
The probabilistic power flow (PPF) problem is essential to quantifying the distribution of the nodal voltages due to uncertain injections. The conventional PPF problem considers a fixed topology, and the solutions to such a PPF problem are…
Stochastic gradient descent type methods are ubiquitous in machine learning, but they are only applicable to the optimization of differentiable functions. Proximal algorithms are more general and applicable to nonsmooth functions. We…
With the path integral approach, the thermal average in a multi-electronic-state quantum systems can be approximated by the ring polymer representation on an extended configuration space, where the additional degrees of freedom are…
In the first part of this paper we study approximations of trajectories of Piecewise Deter-ministic Processes (PDP) when the flow is not explicit by the thinning method. We also establish a strong error estimate for PDPs as well as a weak…
The subsurface flow is usually subject to uncertain porous media structures. In most cases, however, we only have partial knowledge about the porous media properties. A common approach is to model the uncertain parameters of porous media as…
The Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is widely employed for simulating rarefied nonequilibrium gas flows. With advances in aerospace engineering and micro/nano-scale technologies, gas flows exhibit the coexistence of rarefied and…
Radiological mapping plays a critical role in nuclear emergency response and environmental management activities. A radiation image, representing the spatial and intensity distribution of the radioactivity, is reconstructed from the…
To date, the comparison of Statistical Shape Models (SSMs) is often solely performance-based, carried out by means of simplistic metrics such as compactness, generalization, or specificity. Any similarities or differences between the actual…
In this manuscript, inspired by a simpler reformulation of primary sample space Metropolis light transport, we derive a novel family of general Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms called charted Metropolis-Hastings, that introduces the…
We extended the multilevel Monte of Carlo (MLMC) approach to simulation of groundwater flow in porous media by incorporating direct measurements of medium properties. Numerical simulations of Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) repository in…
We introduce Preconditioned Monte Carlo (PMC), a novel Monte Carlo method for Bayesian inference that facilitates efficient sampling of probability distributions with non-trivial geometry. PMC utilises a Normalising Flow (NF) in order to…
For dose calculations in ion beam therapy, it is vital to accurately determine the relative stopping power (RSP) distribution within the treated volume. Currently, RSP values are extrapolated from Hounsfield units (HU), measured with x-ray…
Recent numerical analyses to optimize the design of microfluidic devices for more effective entrapment or segregation of surrogate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from healthy cells have been reported in the literature without concurrently…