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This research recasts ransomware detection using performance monitoring and statistical machine learning. The work builds a test environment with 41 input variables to label and compares three computing states: idle, encryption and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-28 David Noever , Samantha Miller Noever

Among many prevailing malware, crypto-ransomware poses a significant threat as it financially extorts affected users by creating denial of access via unauthorized encryption of their documents as well as holding their documents hostage and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Nitin Pundir , Mark Tehranipoor , Fahim Rahman

The increasing sophistication of encryption-based ransomware has demanded innovative approaches to detection and mitigation, prompting the development of a hierarchical framework grounded in probabilistic cryptographic analysis. By focusing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Kevin Pekepok , Persephone Kirkwood , Esme Christopolous , Florence Braithwaite , Oliver Nightingale

Crypto-ransomware is characterized by its irreversible effect even after the detection and removal. As such, the early detection is crucial to protect user data and files of being held to ransom. Several solutions have proposed utilizing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Bander Ali Saleh Al-rimy , Mohd Aizaini Maarof , Syed Zainudeen Mohd Shaid

Due to its open-source nature, the Android operating system has consistently been a primary target for attackers. Learning-based methods have made significant progress in the field of Android malware detection. However, traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Xingyuan Wei , Zijun Cheng , Ning Li , Qiujian Lv , Ziyang Yu , Degang Sun

Ransomware uses encryption methods to make data inaccessible to legitimate users. To date a wide range of ransomware families have been developed and deployed, causing immense damage to governments, corporations, and private users. As these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Aldin Vehabovic , Nasir Ghani , Elias Bou-Harb , Jorge Crichigno , Aysegul Yayimli

Ransomware is currently the key threat for individual as well as corporate Internet users. Especially dangerous is crypto ransomware that encrypts important user data and it is only possible to recover it once a ransom has been paid.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Krzysztof Cabaj , Marcin Gregorczyk , Wojciech Mazurczyk

Detecting encryption-driven cyber threats remains a large challenge due to the evolving techniques employed to evade traditional detection mechanisms. An entropy-based computational framework was introduced to analyze multi-domain system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Michael Mannon , Evan Statham , Quentin Featherstone , Sebastian Arkwright , Clive Fenwick , Gareth Willoughby

Ransomware is a kind of malware using cryptographic mechanisms to prevent victims from normal use of their computers. As a result, victims lose the access to their files and desktops unless they pay the ransom to the attackers. By the end…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Tianrou Xia , Yuanyi Sun , Sencun Zhu , Zeeshan Rasheed , Khurram Shafique

Ransomware is a growing threat that typically operates by either encrypting a victim's files or locking a victim's computer until the victim pays a ransom. However, it is still challenging to detect such malware timely with existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed , Hyoungshick Kim , Seyit Camtepe , Surya Nepal

Ransomware has appeared as one of the major global threats in recent days. The alarming increasing rate of ransomware attacks and new ransomware variants intrigue the researchers to constantly examine the distinguishing traits of ransomware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Rawshan Ara Mowri , Madhuri Siddula , Kaushik Roy

Ransomware's escalating sophistication necessitates tamper-resistant, off-host detection solutions that capture deep disk activity beyond the reach of a compromised operating system. Existing detection systems use host/kernel signals or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Md Raz , Venkata Sai Charan Putrevu , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Farshad Khorrami , Ramesh Karri

Nowadays, with the booming development of Internet and software industry, more and more malware variants are designed to perform various malicious activities. Traditional signature-based detection methods can not detect variants of malware.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Renjie Lu

The damage caused by crypto-ransomware, due to encryption, is difficult to revert and cause data losses. In this paper, a machine learning (ML) classifier was built to early detect ransomware (called crypto-ransomware) that uses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Chih-Yuan Yang , Ravi Sahita

Since modern anti-virus software mainly depends on a signature-based static analysis, they are not suitable for coping with the rapid increase in malware variants. Moreover, even worse, many vulnerabilities of operating systems enable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Manabu Hirano , Ryotaro Kobayashi

Malware detection is increasingly challenged by evolving techniques like obfuscation and polymorphism, limiting the effectiveness of traditional methods. Meanwhile, the widespread adoption of software containers has introduced new security…

Linux-based cloud environments have become lucrative targets for ransomware attacks, employing various encryption schemes at unprecedented speeds. Addressing the urgency for real-time ransomware protection, we propose leveraging the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Adrian Brodzik , Tomasz Malec-Kruszyński , Wojciech Niewolski , Mikołaj Tkaczyk , Krzysztof Bocianiak , Sok-Yen Loui

The continued evolution and diversity of malware constitutes a major threat in modern systems. It is well proven that security defenses currently available are ineffective to mitigate the skills and imagination of cyber-criminals…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Irina Baptista , Stavros Shiaeles , Nicholas Kolokotronis

File encrypting ransomware increasingly employs intermittent encryption techniques, encrypting only parts of files to evade classical detection methods. These strategies, exemplified by ransomware families like BlackCat, complicate file…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ynes Ineza , Gerald Jackson , Prince Niyonkuru , Jaden Kevil , Abdul Serwadda

The threat of malware is a serious concern for computer networks and systems, highlighting the need for accurate classification techniques. In this research, we experiment with multimodal machine learning approaches for malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jonathan Jiang , Mark Stamp