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Related papers: Discovering physical concepts with neural networks

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The widespread use of deep neural networks has achieved substantial success in many tasks. However, there still exists a huge gap between the operating mechanism of deep learning models and human-understandable decision making, so that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Xiaowei Zhou , Jie Yin , Ivor Tsang , Chen Wang

Neural networks are a central technique in machine learning. Recent years have seen a wave of interest in applying neural networks to physical systems for which the governing dynamics are known and expressed through differential equations.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-31 M. Mattheakis , P. Protopapas , D. Sondak , M. Di Giovanni , E. Kaxiras

Deep learning architectures based on convolutional neural networks tend to rely on continuous, smooth features. While this characteristics provides significant robustness and proves useful in many real-world tasks, it is strikingly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zuzanna Buchnajzer , Kacper Dobek , Stanisław Hapke , Daniel Jankowski , Krzysztof Krawiec

We propose a set of precise criteria for saying a neural net learns and uses a "world model." The goal is to give an operational meaning to terms that are often used informally, in order to provide a common language for experimental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Kenneth Li , Fernanda Viégas , Martin Wattenberg

While current AI-driven methods excel at deriving empirical models from individual experiments, a significant challenge remains in uncovering the common fundamental physics that underlie these models -- a task at which human physicists are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 You-Le Fang , Dong-Shan Jian , Xiang Li , Yan-Qing Ma

Neural networks have proven to be effective at solving machine learning tasks but it is unclear whether they learn any relevant causal relationships, while their black-box nature makes it difficult for modellers to understand and debug…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Fabrizio Russo , Francesca Toni

Artificial neural networks are being proposed as models of parts of the brain. The networks are compared to recordings of biological neurons, and good performance in reproducing neural responses is considered to support the model's…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-01 Yena Han , Tomaso Poggio , Brian Cheung

The ability to discover abstract physical concepts and understand how they work in the world through observing lies at the core of human intelligence. The acquisition of this ability is based on compositionally perceiving the environment in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Qu Tang , XiangYu Zhu , Zhen Lei , ZhaoXiang Zhang

Machine Learning algorithms are good tools for both classification and prediction purposes. These algorithms can further be used for scientific discoveries from the enormous data being collected in our era. We present ways of discovering…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-26 Shraddha Surana , Yogesh Wadadekar , Divya Oberoi

Deep neural networks have become a pervasive tool in science and engineering. However, modern deep neural networks' growing energy requirements now increasingly limit their scaling and broader use. We propose a radical alternative for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Logan G. Wright , Tatsuhiro Onodera , Martin M. Stein , Tianyu Wang , Darren T. Schachter , Zoey Hu , Peter L. McMahon

Learning concepts that are consistent with human perception is important for Deep Neural Networks to win end-user trust. Post-hoc interpretation methods lack transparency in the feature representations learned by the models. This work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Sandareka Wickramanayake , Wynne Hsu , Mong Li Lee

This chapter aims to provide next-level understanding of the problems of the world and the solutions available to those problems, which lie very well within the domain of neural computing, and at the same time are intelligent in their…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Ayushe Gangal , Peeyush Kumar , Sunita Kumari , Aditya Kumar

Constructing mechanistic models of neural circuits is a fundamental goal of neuroscience, yet verifying such models is limited by the lack of ground truth. To rigorously test model discovery, we establish an in silico testbed using…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-05 Jan-Matthis Lueckmann , Viren Jain , Michał Januszewski

While trade-offs between modeling effort and model accuracy remain a major concern with system identification, resorting to data-driven methods often leads to a complete disregard for physical plausibility. To address this issue, we propose…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-23 Oliver Schön , Ricarda-Samantha Götte , Julia Timmermann

Decades of psychological research have been aimed at modeling how people learn features and categories. The empirical validation of these theories is often based on artificial stimuli with simple representations. Recently, deep neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-25 Joshua C. Peterson , Joshua T. Abbott , Thomas L. Griffiths

Recently, deep feedforward neural networks have achieved considerable success in modeling biological sensory processing, in terms of reproducing the input-output map of sensory neurons. However, such models raise profound questions about…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-16 Hidenori Tanaka , Aran Nayebi , Niru Maheswaranathan , Lane McIntosh , Stephen A. Baccus , Surya Ganguli

For complex life to evolve, a sophisticated nervous system for handling its complexities was fundamental. The demand resulted in the emergence of brain's computational facility, the neuronal network. This facet of the brain is attested…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-09-16 Jahan N. Schad

Common-sense physical reasoning in the real world requires learning about the interactions of objects and their dynamics. The notion of an abstract object, however, encompasses a wide variety of physical objects that differ greatly in terms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Aleksandar Stanić , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Jürgen Schmidhuber

We are interested in aligning how people think about objects and what machines perceive, meaning by this the fact that object recognition, as performed by a machine, should follow a process which resembles that followed by humans when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Luca Erculiani , Andrea Bontempelli , Andrea Passerini , Fausto Giunchiglia

Form a pure mathematical point of view, common functional forms representing different physical phenomena can be defined. For example, rates of chemical reactions, diffusion and heat transfer are all governed by exponential-type…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Navid Zobeiry , Keith D. Humfeld