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We derive a tight generalization bound for quantum machine learning that is applicable to a wide range of supervised tasks, data, and models. Our bound is both efficiently computable and free of big-O notation. Furthermore, we point out…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Xin Wang , Rebing Wu

We consider a model of robust learning in an adversarial environment. The learner gets uncorrupted training data with access to possible corruptions that may be affected by the adversary during testing. The learner's goal is to build a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Idan Attias , Aryeh Kontorovich , Yishay Mansour

This paper introduces a distribution-dependent PAC-Chernoff bound that exhibits perfect tightness for interpolators, even within over-parameterized model classes. This bound, which relies on basic principles of Large Deviation Theory,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Andrés R. Masegosa , Luis A. Ortega

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have significantly advanced machine learning, with model depth playing a central role in their successes. The dynamical system modeling approach has recently emerged as a powerful framework, offering new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jinshu Huang , Mingfei Sun , Chunlin Wu

Recent advances in deep learning have given us some very promising results on the generalization ability of deep neural networks, however literature still lacks a comprehensive theory explaining why heavily over-parametrized models are able…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Dániel Rácz , Mihály Petreczky , András Csertán , Bálint Daróczy

Due to the inherent imbalance in real-world datasets, na\"ive Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) tends to bias the learning process towards the majority classes, hindering generalization to minority classes. To rebalance the learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zitai Wang , Qianqian Xu , Zhiyong Yang , Zhikang Xu , Linchao Zhang , Xiaochun Cao , Qingming Huang

This paper explores the connection between learning trajectories of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and their generalization capabilities when optimized using (stochastic) gradient descent algorithms. Instead of concentrating solely on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Jingwen Fu , Zhizheng Zhang , Dacheng Yin , Yan Lu , Nanning Zheng

As shown in recent research, deep neural networks can perfectly fit randomly labeled data, but with very poor accuracy on held out data. This phenomenon indicates that loss functions such as cross-entropy are not a reliable indicator of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-13 Yiding Jiang , Dilip Krishnan , Hossein Mobahi , Samy Bengio

Many algorithms have been recently proposed for causal machine learning. Yet, there is little to no theory on their quality, especially considering finite samples. In this work, we propose a theory based on generalization bounds that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-16 Daniel Csillag , Claudio José Struchiner , Guilherme Tegoni Goedert

This paper introduces new parameterizations of equilibrium neural networks, i.e. networks defined by implicit equations. This model class includes standard multilayer and residual networks as special cases. The new parameterization admits a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Max Revay , Ruigang Wang , Ian R. Manchester

We introduce a new notion of generalization -- Distributional Generalization -- which roughly states that outputs of a classifier at train and test time are close *as distributions*, as opposed to close in just their average error. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Preetum Nakkiran , Yamini Bansal

While standard statistical inference techniques and machine learning generalization bounds assume that tests are run on data selected independently of the hypotheses, practical data analysis and machine learning are usually iterative and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-09 Lorenzo De Stefani , Eli Upfal

We consider a problem of risk estimation for large-margin multi-class classifiers. We propose a novel risk bound for the multi-class classification problem. The bound involves the marginal distribution of the classifier and the Rademacher…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-15 Yury Maximov , Daria Reshetova

Lipschitz constrained networks have gathered considerable attention in the deep learning community, with usages ranging from Wasserstein distance estimation to the training of certifiably robust classifiers. However they remain commonly…

We show that the Rademacher complexity-based framework can establish non-vacuous generalization bounds for Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in the context of classifying a small set of image classes. A key technical advancement is the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-03 Lan V. Truong

Generalization error bounds from learning theory provide statistical guarantees on how well an algorithm will perform on previously unseen data. In this paper, we characterize the impacts of data non-IIDness due to censored feedback (a.k.a.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Yifan Yang , Ali Payani , Parinaz Naghizadeh

The remarkable generalization performance of large-scale models has been challenging the conventional wisdom of the statistical learning theory. Although recent theoretical studies have shed light on this behavior in linear models and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-18 Tomoya Wakayama

Overparameterized neural networks often show a benign overfitting property in the sense of achieving excellent generalization behavior despite the number of parameters exceeding the number of training examples. A promising direction to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yunwen Lei , Yufeng Xie

Within the machine learning community, the widely-used uniform convergence framework has been used to answer the question of how complex, over-parameterized models can generalize well to new data. This approach bounds the test error of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-05 Ryan Theisen , Jason M. Klusowski , Michael W. Mahoney

In this paper, we provide new theoretical results on the generalization properties of learning algorithms for multiclass classification problems. The originality of our work is that we propose to use the confusion matrix of a classifier as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-05-25 Pierre Machart , Liva Ralaivola
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