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Stochastic neurons and hard non-linearities can be useful for a number of reasons in deep learning models, but in many cases they pose a challenging problem: how to estimate the gradient of a loss function with respect to the input of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-08-16 Yoshua Bengio , Nicholas Léonard , Aaron Courville

Deep learning is computationally intensive, with significant efforts focused on reducing arithmetic complexity, particularly regarding energy consumption dominated by data movement. While existing literature emphasizes inference, training…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-09 Van Minh Nguyen , Cristian Ocampo , Aymen Askri , Louis Leconte , Ba-Hien Tran

This paper introduces two straightforward, effective indices to evaluate the input data and the data flowing through layers of a feedforward deep neural network. For classification problems, the separation rate of target labels in the space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Ahmad Kalhor , Mohsen Saffar , Melika Kheirieh , Somayyeh Hoseinipoor , Babak N. Araabi

This paper presents a novel method for autonomously enhancing deep neural network training. My approach employs an Evaluation Neural Network (ENN) trained via deep reinforcement learning to predict the performance of the target network. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ryohei Ino

Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) have emerged and shown their benefits over discrete representations in recent years. However, fitting an INR to the given observations usually requires optimization with gradient descent from scratch,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Yinbo Chen , Xiaolong Wang

We consider efficiency in the implementation of deep neural networks. Hardware accelerators are gaining interest as machine learning becomes one of the drivers of high-performance computing. In these accelerators, the directed graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-28 George A. Constantinides

The goal of this document is to provide a pedagogical introduction to the main concepts underpinning the training of deep neural networks using gradient descent; a process known as backpropagation. Although we focus on a very influential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Laurent Boué

Convex functions and their gradients play a critical role in mathematical imaging, from proximal optimization to Optimal Transport. The successes of deep learning has led many to use learning-based methods, where fixed functions or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Anne Gagneux , Mathurin Massias , Emmanuel Soubies , Rémi Gribonval

Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) have the potential to revolutionize the way that deep learning is carried out in edge computing platforms. However, the effectiveness of interpretability methods on these networks has not been assessed. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Amy Widdicombe , Simon J. Julier

We address the challenging problem of deep representation learning--the efficient adaption of a pre-trained deep network to different tasks. Specifically, we propose to explore gradient-based features. These features are gradients of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Fangzhou Mu , Yingyu Liang , Yin Li

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved the state of the art performance in numerous fields. However, DNNs need high computation times, and people always expect better performance in a lower computation. Therefore, we study the human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 H M Dipu Kabir , Moloud Abdar , Seyed Mohammad Jafar Jalali , Abbas Khosravi , Amir F Atiya , Saeid Nahavandi , Dipti Srinivasan

Stochastic neurons can be useful for a number of reasons in deep learning models, but in many cases they pose a challenging problem: how to estimate the gradient of a loss function with respect to the input of such stochastic neurons, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-05-15 Yoshua Bengio

The inherent diversity of computation types within the deep neural network (DNN) models often requires a variety of specialized units in hardware processors, which limits computational efficiency, increasing both inference latency and power…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Ruiqi Sun , Siwei Ye , Jie Zhao , Xin He , Jianzhe Lin , Yiran Li , An Zou

Deep neural networks have achieved impressive supervised classification performance in many tasks including image recognition, speech recognition, and sequence to sequence learning. However, this success has not been translated to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-05 Arvind Neelakantan , Quoc V. Le , Ilya Sutskever

Deep learning models offer superior performance compared to other machine learning techniques for a variety of tasks and domains, but pose their own challenges. In particular, deep learning models require larger training times as the depth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Sunitha Basodi , Krishna Pusuluri , Xueli Xiao , Yi Pan

It is inevitable to train large deep learning models on a large-scale cluster equipped with accelerators system. Deep gradient compression would highly increase the bandwidth utilization and speed up the training process but hard to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Zehua Cheng , Zhenghua Xu

Directly parameterizing and learning gradients of functions has widespread significance, with specific applications in inverse problems, generative modeling, and optimal transport. This paper introduces gradient networks (GradNets): novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Shreyas Chaudhari , Srinivasa Pranav , José M. F. Moura

In this paper we introduce a new problem within the growing literature of interpretability for convolution neural networks (CNNs). While previous work has focused on the question of how to visually interpret CNNs, we ask what it is that we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Sílvia Casacuberta , Esra Suel , Seth Flaxman

Deep neural networks achieve state-of-the-art and sometimes super-human performance across various domains. However, when learning tasks sequentially, the networks easily forget the knowledge of previous tasks, known as "catastrophic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Shixiang Tang , Dapeng Chen , Jinguo Zhu , Shijie Yu , Wanli Ouyang

Understanding the internal representations and decision mechanisms of deep neural networks remains a critical open challenge. While existing interpretability methods often identify influential input regions, they may not elucidate how a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Farzaneh Mahdisoltani , Saeed Mahdisoltani , Roger B. Grosse , David J. Fleet