Related papers: Free energy and entropy for thin sheets
Surface energy is fundamental in controlling surface properties and surface-driven processes like heterogeneous catalysis, as adsorption energy is. It is thus crucial to establish an effective scheme to determine surface energy and its…
The geometric entropy in quantum field theory is not a Lorentz scalar and has no invariant meaning, while the black hole entropy is invariant. Renormalization of entropy and energy for reduced density matrices may lead to the negative free…
In this work we show that there is a direct relationship between a graph's topology and the free energy of a spin system on the graph. We develop a method of separating topological and enthalpic contributions to the free energy, and find…
Water can exist in a metastable liquid state under tension for long times before the system relaxes into the vapor via cavitation, i.e., bubble nucleation. Microscopic information on the cavitation process can be extracted from experimental…
The proper definition of entropy is fundamental to the relationship between statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. It also plays a major role in the recent debate about the validity of the concept of negative temperature. In this paper,…
Entropy and free-energy estimation are key in thermodynamic characterization of simulated systems ranging from spin models through polymers, colloids, protein structure, and drug-design. Current techniques suffer from being model specific,…
We introduce and test via molecular simulation a simple model for predicting the manner in which interparticle interactions and thermodynamic conditions impact the single-particle free-volume distributions of equilibrium fluids. The model…
We explore the effective degrees of freedom in the early universe, from before the electroweak scale at a few femtoseconds after the Big Bang, until the last positrons disappeared a few minutes later. We first look at the established…
The concept of plasma relaxation as a constrained energy minimization is reviewed. Recent work by the authors on generalizing this approach to partially relaxed three-dimensional plasma systems in a way consistent with chaos theory is…
This paper discusses the free energy of complex dislocation microstructures, which is a fundamental property of continuum plasticity. In the past, multiple models of the self energy of dislocations have been proposed in the literature that…
We derive general expressions for the free energy, entropy production and entropy extraction rates for a Brownian particle that walks in a viscous medium where the dynamics of its motion is governed by the Langevin equation. It is shown…
In this study, we propose a theoretical framework to investigate the interactions between flexible polymer chains, specifically polyelectrolytes (PEs). By calculating the system's free energy while considering position-dependent mutual…
Assuming that the dominant contribution, to the entropy due to entanglement across a spherical hypersurface, comes from the near horizon degrees of freedom, we analytically derive the entropy of a free massless scalar field in Minkowski…
We develop a stochastic model for the charge fluctuations on a microscopic dust particle resting on a surface exposed to plasma. We find in steady state that the fluctuations are normally distributed with a standard deviation that is…
A structure of spherical white dwarfs is calculated for a non-zero temperature. It is shown that the thermodynamical stability of the white dwarf stars can be described naturally within the concept of the Helmholtz free energy of the…
The application of the Young-Laplace equation to a solid-liquid interface is considered. Computer simulations show that the pressure inside a solid cluster of hard spheres is smaller than the external pressure of the liquid (both for small…
Using a thermodynamical approach, we calculate the deformation of a spherical elastic particle placed on a rigid substrate, under zero external load, and including an ingredient of importance in soft matter: the interfacial tension of the…
A collisionless plasma possesses a certain amount of "available energy", which is that part of the thermal energy that can be converted into field energy. Here, a calculation is presented of the available energy carried by trapped electrons…
We compare the performance of energy-based and entropy-conserving schemes for modeling nonthermal energy components, such as unresolved turbulence and cosmic rays, using idealized fluid dynamics tests and isolated galaxy simulations. While…
The energy budget of a collisionless plasma subject to electrostatic fluctuations is considered, and the excess of thermal energy over the minimum accessible to it under various constraints that limit the possible forms of plasma motion is…