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Banded patterns consisting of alternating bare soil and dense vegetation have been observed in water-limited ecosystems across the globe, often appearing along gently sloped terrain with the stripes aligned transverse to the elevation…
We investigate the liquid-glass phase transition in a system of point-like particles interacting via a finite-range attractive potential in D-dimensional space. The phase transition is driven by an `entropy crisis' where the available phase…
The discharge of polydisperse grains in a two-dimensional silo, operating in a continuous-discharge mode, is studied with the help of soft-particle discrete element simulations. We find that the mass flow rate displays similar variation…
The objective of this three-part work is to formulate and rigorously analyse a number of reduced mathematical models that are nevertheless capable of describing the hydrology at the scale of a river basin (i.e. catchment). Coupled surface…
A central problem in cloud physics is understanding the kinetics of the growth of water droplets. It is believed that there exists a 'condensation-coalescence bottleneck' in the growth of intermediate size droplets. Here the Lifshitz-Slezov…
Root systems can influence the dynamics of evapotranspiration of water out of a porous medium. The coupling of evapotranspiration remains a key aspect affecting overall root behavior. Predicting the evapotranspiration curve in the presence…
Recent experiments by Sato et al. [1] have explored the dynamics of $^4$He superflow through an array of nanopores. These experiments have found that, as the temperature is lowered, phase-slippage in the pores changes its character, from…
The collapse of interdependent networks, as well as similar avalanche phenomena, is driven by cascading failures. At the critical point, the cascade begins as a critical branching process, where each failing node (element) triggers, on…
The paper presents a model of electric charge generation in precipitating clouds due to breaking of large particles in low melting layer. The Earth's electric field polarises the droplets and they break into small negatively charged and…
Turbulence is of paramount importance in wildland fire propagation since it randomly transports the hot air mass that can pre-heat and then ignite the area ahead the fire. This contributes to give a random character to the firefront…
Monthly streamflow records from a set of gauging stations, selected to form a reference hydrologic network, are analyzed together with precipitation and temperature data to establish whether the streamflows in the Guadalquivir River Basin…
When two sessile drops of the same liquid touch, they merge into one drop, driven by capillarity. However, the coalescence can be delayed, or even completely stalled for a substantial period of time, when the two drops have different…
This paper applies the theory of continuous phase transitions of statistical mechanics to a slider-block model. The slider-block model is chosen as a representative of systems with avalanches. Similar behavior can be observed in a…
In this work, we propose and test the validity of a modified Phase Field Method (PFM), which was specifically developed for large scale simulations of turbulent flows with large and deformable surfactant-laden droplets. The time evolution…
Tree-grass coexistence is a defining feature of savanna ecosystems, which play an important role in supporting biodiversity and human populations worldwide. While recent advances have clarified many of the underlying processes, how these…
We propose a model describing the liquid-vapour phase transition according to a phase-field approach. The model takes up a setting proposed by the second author, where a phase field is introduced whose equilibrium values 0 and 1 are…
Coalescence is an important hydrodynamic event that frequently takes place in nature as well as in industry. Here we provide an experimental study on short time dynamics of water coalescence, particularly when a water droplet comes in…
We investigate discharge inception in air, in uniform background electric fields above and below the breakdown threshold. We perform 3D particle simulations that include a natural level of background ionization in the form of positive and…
Understanding surface temperature is important for habitability. Recent work on Mars has found that the dependence of surface temperature on elevation (surface lapse rate) converges to zero in the limit of a thin CO2 atmosphere. However,…
This study investigated the coalescence of polymer solution drops on the solid substrates. When two drops meet at their contact line on a substrate, the liquid bridge connecting the two drops increases in size with time. The height and…