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Acoustic bianisotropy, also known as the Willis parameter, expands the field of acoustics by providing nonconventional couplings between momentum and strain in constitutive relations. Sharing the common ground with electromagnetics, the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-08-25 Choonlae Cho , Xinhua Wen , Namkyoo Park , Jensen Li

Electro-momentum coupling in piezoelectric metamaterials with broken inversion symmetry enables asymmetric elastic wave transport by linking macroscopic electric fields to momentum, an effect analogous to Willis coupling in elastic media. A…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Hrishikesh Danawe , Serife Tol

Bianisotropy is common in electromagnetics whenever a cross-coupling between electric and magnetic responses exists. However, the analogous concept for elastic waves in solids, termed as Willis coupling, is more challenging to observe. It…

Electromagnetic bi-anisotropy finds an analogy in acoustic metamaterial science as Willis coupling. Its impact and emergence in the field of elastodynamic metamaterials is not as well understood however, given the coupling between…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-05-09 Philip A Cotterill , David Nigro , William J. Parnell

Acoustic metamaterials are structures with exotic acoustic properties, having promising applications in acoustic beam steering, focusing, impedance matching, absorption and isolation. Recent work has shown that the efficiency of many…

Classical Physics · Physics 2019-08-29 Anton Melnikov , Li Quan , Sebastian Oberst , Andrea Alù , Steffen Marburg , David Powell

Willis materials are complex media characterized by four macroscopic material parameters, the conventional mass density, and bulk modulus and two additional Willis coupling terms, which have been shown to enable unsurpassed control over the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Yuxin Zhai , Hyung-Suk Kwon , Bogdan-Ioan Popa

Mechanical motion can break the symmetry in which sound travels in a medium, but significant non-reciprocity is typically achieved only for very large motion speeds. Here we combine moving media with zero-index acoustic propagation,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Li Quan , Dimitrios L. Sounas , Andrea Alu

Acoustic meta-atoms serve as the building blocks of metamaterials, with linear properties designed to achieve functions such as beam steering, cloaking and focusing. They have also been used to shape the characteristics of incident acoustic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-02-15 Shahrokh Sepehrirahnama , Sebastian Oberst , Yan Kei Chiang , David A. Powell

Willis coupling in acoustic materials defines the cross-coupling between strain and velocity, analogous to bianisotropic phenomena in electromagnetics. While these effects have been garnering significant attention in recent years, to date…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-06-27 Li Quan , Younes Ra'di , Dimitrios Sounas , Andrea Alu

Metamaterials posses microstructure designed to acquire properties not found in nature. An epitome in acoustics and solid mechanics is Willis coupling, which refers to the particle velocity-stress coupling, and of great significance since…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-10-24 René Pernas-Salomón , Gal Shmuel

We propose a concept called acoustic amplifying diode in combining both signal isolation and amplification in a single device. The signal is exponentially amplified in one direction with no reflection and is completely absorbed in another.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-05-10 Xinhua Wen , Heung Kit Yip , Choonlae Cho , Jensen Li , Namkyoo Park

Acoustic materials displaying coupling between pressure and momentum are known as Willis materials. The simplest Willis materials are comprised of sub-wavelength scatterers that couple monopoles to dipoles and {\it vice versa}, with the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-12-05 Xiaoshi Su , Andrew N. Norris

Negative refraction plays an important role in acoustic wave manipulation and imaging. However, conventional systems based on acoustic metamaterials suffer from the limits induced by loss-related and resolution issues. In this work, a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-11-11 Jun Lan , Xiaowei Zhang , Liwei Wang , Yun Lai , Xiaozhou Liu

A method to derive homogeneous effective constitutive equations for periodically layered elastic media is proposed. The crucial and novel idea underlying the procedure is that the coefficients of the dynamic effective medium can be…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-04-22 A. L. Shuvalov , A. A. Kutsenko , A. N. Norris , O. Poncelet

Acoustic bianisotropic materials couple pressure and local particle velocity fields to simultaneously excite monopole and dipole scattering, which results in asymmetric wave transmission and reflection of airborne sound. In this work, we…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-05-27 Steven R. Craig , Xiaoshi Su , Andrew N. Norris , Chengzhi Shi

A material that exhibits Willis coupling has constitutive equations that couple the pressure-strain and momentum-velocity relationships. This coupling arises from subwavelength asymmetry and non-locality in heterogeneous media. This paper…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 Michael B. Muhlestein , Benjamin M. Goldsberry , Andrew N. Norris , Michael R. Haberman

Laminated media with material properties modulated in space and time in the form of travelling waves have long been known to exhibit non-reciprocity. However, when using the method of low frequency homogenisation, it was so far only…

Classical Physics · Physics 2023-11-20 Marie Touboul , Bruno Lombard , Raphaël Assier , Sébastien Guenneau , Richard V Craster

Willis dynamic homogenization theory revealed that the effective linear momentum of elastic composites is coupled to their effective strain. % This result, which is partially due to asymmetry at the subwavelength scale, implies that…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-08-16 Kevin Muhafra , Michael R. Haberman , Gal Shmuel

Wave reflection by non-Hermitian antisymmetric parity-time (APT) photonics made of a balanced positive index material (PIM) and negative index material (NIM) is investigated. As one class of them satisfies a unitary relation, wave impedance…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-28 Jeng Yi Lee , Chia-Heng Sun , Ke-Hsiang Huang , Pai-Yen Chen

Unidirectional reflectionlessness is investigated in a waveguide quantum electrodynamics system that consists of a cavity and a $\Lambda$-type three-level quantum dot coupled to a one-dimensional plasmonic waveguide. Analytical expressions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-13 De-Xiu Qiu , Fude Li , K. Xue , X. X. Yi
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