Related papers: Discrete Spacetime: a Web of Chains
The localization length for isotopically disordered harmonic one-dimensional chains is calculated for arbitrary impurity concentration and scattering cross section. The localization length depends on the scattering cross section of a single…
Dimensional types of metric scattered spaces are investigated. Revised proofs of Mazurkiewicz-Sierpi\'nski and Knaster-Urbanik theorems are presented. Embeddable properties of countable metric spaces are generalized onto uncountable metric…
The concepts of spread and spread dimension of a metric space were introduced by Willerton in the context of quantifying biodiversity of ecosystems. This paper develops practical applications of spread dimension in the context of machine…
We aim to mine temporal causal sequences that explain observed events (consequents) in time-series traces. Causal explanations of key events in a time-series has applications in design debugging, anomaly detection, planning, root-cause…
Recent years have seen rapid progress at the intersection between causality and machine learning. Motivated by scientific applications involving high-dimensional data, in particular in biomedicine, we propose a deep neural architecture for…
We propose a new approach for estimating the finite dimensional transition matrix of a Markov chain using a large number of independent sample paths observed at random times. The sample paths may be observed as few as two times, and the…
This PhD thesis contains several contributions to the field of statistical causal modeling. Statistical causal models are statistical models embedded with causal assumptions that allow for the inference and reasoning about the behavior of…
Consider a string of $n$ positions, i.e. a discrete string of length $n$. Units of length $k$ are placed at random on this string in such a way that they do not overlap, and as often as possible, i.e. until all spacings between neighboring…
We use the recently proposed generalised on-shell representation for scattering amplitudes and a consistency test to explore the space of tree-level consistent couplings in four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. The extension of the…
It is well known that string theory generates the idea of higher dimensional spacetime instead of the (3+1) dimensions, in which we seem to live. It indicates that the extra space dimensions may remain curled up into very small space. In…
The purpose of this paper is to study the fractal phenomena in large data sets and the associated questions of dimension reduction. We examine situations where the classical Principal Component Analysis is not effective in identifying the…
We show that there is a fast algorithm that embeds hierarchical structures in three-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. The correlation of data ends up purely encoded in the causal structure. Our model relies solely on oriented token pairs --…
Distributionally robust optimization tackles out-of-sample issues like overfitting and distribution shifts by adopting an adversarial approach over a range of possible data distributions, known as the ambiguity set. To balance conservatism…
This thesis focuses on characterizing the distribution of points and galaxies using multifractal analysis. In this attempt the main emphasis is on calculating the Minkowski-Bouligand fractal dimension (Dq) of the distribution of points over…
The model is a particular case of causal set. This is a discrete model of spacetime in a microscopic level. In paper the most general properties of the model are investigated without any reference to a dynamics. The dynamics of the model is…
We formulate certain inequalities for the geometric quantities characterizing causal diamonds in curved and Minkowski spacetimes. These inequalities involve the red-shift factor which, as we show explicitly in the spherically symmetric…
The configuration space of causal sets is vast. It is a critical goal to map out this space. Here, we take a practical step towards this goal. We investigate nine classes of causal sets, most of them not studied before. These include…
It is shown that continuous causal isomorphisms on two-dimensional Minkowski spacetime can be characterized by the invariance of wave equations.
The distribution of visible matter in the universe, such as galaxies and galaxy clusters, has its origin in the week fluctuations of density that existed at the epoch of recombination. The hierarchical distribution of the universe, with its…
We study rigidity properties of linearly ordered sets (chains) under automorphisms, order-embeddings, epimorphisms, and endomorphisms. We focus on two main cases, dense subchains of the real numbers, and uncountable dense chains of higher…