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Monitoring human activity in indoor environments is important for applications such as facility management, safety assessment, and space utilization analysis. While mobile robot teams offer the potential to actively improve observation…

We consider solving a cooperative multi-robot object manipulation task using reinforcement learning (RL). We propose two distributed multi-agent RL approaches: distributed approximate RL (DA-RL), where each agent applies Q-learning with…

Many reinforcement learning (RL) environments consist of independent entities that interact sparsely. In such environments, RL agents have only limited influence over other entities in any particular situation. Our idea in this work is that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Maximilian Seitzer , Bernhard Schölkopf , Georg Martius

Deep learning has enabled traditional reinforcement learning methods to deal with high-dimensional problems. However, one of the disadvantages of deep reinforcement learning methods is the limited exploration capacity of learning agents. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Thanh Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Nguyen , Saeid Nahavandi

The deployment of multi-agent systems in dynamic, adversarial environments like robotic soccer necessitates real-time decision-making, sophisticated cooperation, and scalable algorithms to avoid the curse of dimensionality. While…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Aya Taourirte , Md Sohag Mia

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has recently emerged as a significant area of research. However, MARL evaluation often lacks systematic diversity, hindering a comprehensive understanding of algorithms' capabilities. In particular,…

Most of the prior work on multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) achieves optimal collaboration by directly controlling the agents to maximize a common reward. In this paper, we aim to address this from a different angle. In particular,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Tianmin Shu , Yuandong Tian

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved significant progress in large-scale traffic control, autonomous vehicles, and robotics. Drawing inspiration from biological systems where roles naturally emerge to enable coordination,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Harsh Goel , Mohammad Omama , Behdad Chalaki , Vaishnav Tadiparthi , Ehsan Moradi Pari , Sandeep Chinchali

Medical Large Vision-Language Models (Med-LVLMs) have shown strong potential in multimodal diagnostic tasks. However, existing single-agent models struggle to generalize across diverse medical specialties, limiting their performance. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Peng Xia , Jinglu Wang , Yibo Peng , Kaide Zeng , Zihan Dong , Xian Wu , Xiangru Tang , Hongtu Zhu , Yun Li , Linjun Zhang , Shujie Liu , Yan Lu , Huaxiu Yao

Recent research in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has shown success in learning social behavior and cooperation. Social dilemmas between agents in mixed-sum settings have been studied extensively, but there is little research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Ram Rachum , Yonatan Nakar , Reuth Mirsky

Autonomous driving has attracted significant research interests in the past two decades as it offers many potential benefits, including releasing drivers from exhausting driving and mitigating traffic congestion, among others. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Wei Zhou , Dong Chen , Jun Yan , Zhaojian Li , Huilin Yin , Wanchen Ge

Reinforcement learning provides effective results with agents learning from their observations, received rewards, and internal interactions between agents. This study proposes a new open-source MARL framework, called COGMENT, to efficiently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Neda Navidi , Francoi Chabo , Saga Kurandwa , Iv Lutigma , Vincent Robt , Gregry Szrftgr , Andea Schuh

Analysing learning in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) environments is challenging, in particular with respect to \textit{individual} decision-making. Practitioners frequently struggle to compare training runs due to the inherent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 James Rudd-Jones , María Pérez-Ortiz , Mirco Musolesi

We present a decentralized reinforcement learning (RL) approach to address the multi-agent shepherding control problem, departing from the conventional assumption of cohesive target groups. Our two-layer control architecture consists of a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-29 Italo Napolitano , Andrea Lama , Francesco De Lellis , Mario di Bernardo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities for reinforcement learning (RL) models, such as planning and reasoning capabilities. However, the problems of LLMs and RL model collaboration still need to be solved. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shangding Gu

Language model (LM) agents have gained significant attention for their ability to autonomously complete tasks through interactions with environments, tools, and APIs. LM agents are primarily built with prompt engineering or supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Renxi Wang , Rifo Ahmad Genadi , Bilal El Bouardi , Yongxin Wang , Fajri Koto , Zhengzhong Liu , Timothy Baldwin , Haonan Li

Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) have emerged as promising methodologies for addressing challenges in automated cyber defence (ACD). These techniques offer adaptive decision-making capabilities in…

Real-world multi-agent tasks usually involve dynamic team composition with the emergence of roles, which should also be a key to efficient cooperation in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Drawing inspiration from the correlation…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Zican Hu , Zongzhang Zhang , Huaxiong Li , Chunlin Chen , Hongyu Ding , Zhi Wang

When learning a task as a team, some agents in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) may fail to understand their true impact in the performance of the team. Such agents end up learning sub-optimal policies, demonstrating undesired lazy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Rafael Pina , Varuna De Silva , Corentin Artaud

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has shown clear effectiveness in coordinating multiple agents across simulated benchmarks and constrained scenarios. However, its deployment in real-world multi-agent systems (MAS) remains limited,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Siyi Hu , Mohamad A Hady , Jianglin Qiao , Jimmy Cao , Mahardhika Pratama , Ryszard Kowalczyk