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We study the volume of rigid loop-$O(n)$ quadrangulations with a boundary of length $2p$ in the non-generic critical regime. We prove that, as the half-perimeter $p$ goes to infinity, the volume scales in distribution to an explicit random…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Élie Aïdékon , William Da Silva , Xingjian Hu

We revisit the derivation of the density of states of sparse random matrices. We derive a recursion relation that allows one to compute the spectrum of the matrix of incidence for finite trees that determines completely the low…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Guilhem Semerjian , Leticia F. Cugliandolo

We show that for an $n\times n$ random symmetric matrix $A_n$, whose entries on and above the diagonal are independent copies of a sub-Gaussian random variable $\xi$ with mean $0$ and variance $1$, \[\mathbb{P}[s_n(A_n) \le…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-05 Vishesh Jain , Ashwin Sah , Mehtaab Sawhney

We consider a general system of n noninteracting identical particles which evolve under a given dynamical law and whose initial microstates are a priori independent. The time evolution of the n-particle average of a bounded function on the…

chao-dyn · Physics 2021-04-28 Brian R. La Cour , William C. Schieve

In the open circular billiard particles are placed initially with a uniform distribution in their positions inside a planar circular vesicle. They all have velocities of the same magnitude, whose initial directions are also uniformly…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. F. Stilck

In applied probability, the normal approximation is often used for the distribution of data with assumed additive structure. This tradition is based on the central limit theorem for sums of (independent) random variables. However, it is…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-10-27 Alexandra Dorofeeva , Victor Korolev , Alexander Zeifman

We prove a local law in the bulk of the spectrum for random Gram matrices $XX^*$, a generalization of sample covariance matrices, where $X$ is a large matrix with independent, centered entries with arbitrary variances. The limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-03-13 Johannes Alt , László Erdős , Torben Krüger

Consider a square matrix with independent and identically distributed entries of zero mean and unit variance. It is well known that if the entries have a finite fourth moment, then, in high dimension, with high probability, the spectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-31 Charles Bordenave , Pietro Caputo , Djalil Chafai , Konstantin Tikhomirov

We consider random Hermitian matrices with independent upper triangular entries. Wigner's semicircle law says that under certain additional assumptions, the empirical spectral distribution converges to the semicircle distribution. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Calvin Wooyoung Chin

We study the singular values (and Lyapunov exponents) for products of $N$ independent $n\times n$ random matrices with i.i.d. entries. Such matrix products have been extensively analyzed using free probability, which applies when $n\to…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-12 Boris Hanin , Tianze Jiang

Consider a $N\times n$ random matrix $Z_n=(Z^n_{j_1 j_2})$ where the individual entries are a realization of a properly rescaled stationary gaussian random field. The purpose of this article is to study the limiting empirical distribution…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 W. Hachem , P. Loubaton , J. Najim

In this paper we show that the empirical eigenvalue distribution of any sample covariance matrix generated by independent copies of a stationary regular sequence has a limiting distribution depending only on the spectral density of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-12 Florence Merlevede , Magda Peligrad

In this short note, we study the behaviour of a product of matrices with a simultaneous renormalization. Namely, for any sequence $(A\_n)\_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ of $d\times d$ complex matrices whose mean $A$ exists and whose norms' means are…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-12-12 Jordan Emme , Pascal Hubert

In the first part of this article series, Bourgade, Yau and the author of this paper proved a local version of the circular law up to the finest scale $N^{-1/2+ \e}$ for non-Hermitian random matrices at any point $z \in \C$ with $||z| - 1|…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-05-03 Jun Yin

The scaled standard Wigner matrix (symmetric with mean zero, variance one i.i.d. entries), and its limiting eigenvalue distribution, namely the semi-circular distribution, has attracted much attention. The $2k$th moment of the limit equals…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Arup Bose , Koushik Saha , Arusharka Sen , Priyanka Sen

We consider random geometric graphs on the plane characterized by a non-uniform density of vertices. In particular, we introduce a graph model where $n$ vertices are independently distributed in the unit disc with positions, in polar…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-04-06 C. T. Martinez-Martinez , J. A. Mendez-Bermudez , Francisco A. Rodrigues , Ernesto Estrada

This paper aims to examine the characteristics of the posterior distribution of covariance/precision matrices in a "large $p$, large $n$" scenario, where $p$ represents the number of variables and $n$ is the sample size. Our analysis…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Partha Sarkar , Kshitij Khare , Malay Ghosh , Matt P. Wand

In this article we consider products of real random matrices with fixed size. Let $A_1,A_2, \dots $ be i.i.d $k \times k$ real matrices, whose entries are independent and identically distributed from probability measure $\mu$. Let $X_n =…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-01-19 Tulasi Ram Reddy

Let $\mathbf X=(X_{jk})$ denote a Hermitian random matrix with entries $X_{jk}$, which are independent for $1\le j\le k$. We consider the rate of convergence of the empirical spectral distribution function of the matrix $\mathbf X$ to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-10-29 Friedrich Götze , Alexander Tikhomirov

We provide finite-sample distribution approximations, that are uniform in the parameter, for inference in linear mixed models. Focus is on variances and covariances of random effects in cases where existing theory fails because their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Karl Oskar Ekvall , Matteo Bottai