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Spring-mass models are well established tools for the analysis and control of legged locomotion. Among the alternatives, spring-loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) model has shown to be a very accurate descriptor of animal locomotion. Despite…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Hasan Eftun Orhon

To achieve highly dynamic jumps of legged robots, it is essential to control the rotational dynamics of the robot. In this paper, we aim to improve the jumping performance by proposing a unified model for planning highly dynamic jumps that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Ke Wang , Guiyang Xin , Songyan Xin , Michael Mistry , Sethu Vijayakumar , Petar Kormushev

Our work aims to make significant strides in understanding unexplored locomotion control paradigms based on the integration of posture manipulation and thrust vectoring. These techniques are commonly seen in nature, such as Chukar birds…

Bipedal robots promise the ability to traverse rough terrain quickly and efficiently, and indeed, humanoid robots can now use strong ankles and careful foot placement to traverse discontinuous terrain. However, more agile underactuated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Brian Acosta , Michael Posa

This study presents a theoretical method for planning and controlling agile bipedal locomotion based on robustly tracking a set of non-periodic keyframe states. Based on centroidal momentum dynamics, we formulate a hybrid phase-space…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Ye Zhao , Benito R. Fernandez , Luis Sentis

Bipedal balance is challenging due to its multi-phase, hybrid nature and high-dimensional state space. Traditional balance control approaches for bipedal robots rely on low-dimensional models for locomotion planning and reactive control,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Suraj Kumar , Andy Ruina

A hopping leg, no matter in legged animals or humans, usually behaves like a spring during the periodic hopping. Hopping like a spring is efficient and without the requirement of complicated control algorithms. Position and force control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Juntong Su , Bingchen Jin , Shusheng Ye , Lecheng Ruan , Caiming Sun , Ning Ding , Yili Fu , Jianwen Luo

Locomotion of legged machines faces the problems of model complexity and computational costs. Algorithms based on complex models and/or reinforcement learning exist to solve the walking control task. In this project, we aim to develop a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Kendeas Theofanous

This paper studies jumping for wheeled-bipedal robots, a motion that takes full advantage of the benefits from the hybrid wheeled and legged design features. A comprehensive hierarchical scheme for motion planning and control of jumping…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Hua Chen , Bingheng Wang , Zejun Hong , Cong Shen , Patrick M. Wensing , Wei Zhang

Jumping is essential for legged robots to traverse through difficult terrains. In this work, we propose a hierarchical framework that combines optimal control and reinforcement learning to learn continuous jumping motions for quadrupedal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Yuxiang Yang , Xiangyun Meng , Wenhao Yu , Tingnan Zhang , Jie Tan , Byron Boots

Quadrupedal wheeled-legged robots combine the advantages of legged and wheeled locomotion to achieve superior mobility, but executing dynamic jumps remains a significant challenge due to the additional degrees of freedom introduced by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Xuanqi Zeng , Lingwei Zhang , Linzhu Yue , Zhitao Song , Hongbo Zhang , Tianlin Zhang , Yun-Hui Liu

In a world designed for legs, quadrupeds, bipeds, and humanoids have the opportunity to impact emerging robotics applications from logistics, to agriculture, to home assistance. The goal of this survey is to cover the recent progress toward…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Patrick M. Wensing , Michael Posa , Yue Hu , Adrien Escande , Nicolas Mansard , Andrea Del Prete

Quadruped robots are often designed with rigid feet to simplify control and maintain stable contact during locomotion. While this approach is straightforward, it limits the ability of the legs to absorb impact forces and reuse stored…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Pramod Pal , Shishir Kolathaya , Ashitava Ghosal

This paper aims to develop a hierarchical nonlinear control algorithm, based on model predictive control (MPC), quadratic programming (QP), and virtual constraints, to generate and stabilize locomotion patterns in a real-time manner for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Kaveh Akbari Hamed , Jeeseop Kim , Abhishek Pandala

This study introduces a robust planning framework that utilizes a model predictive control (MPC) approach, enhanced by incorporating signal temporal logic (STL) specifications. This marks the first-ever study to apply STL-guided trajectory…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Zhaoyuan Gu , Yuntian Zhao , Yipu Chen , Rongming Guo , Jennifer K. Leestma , Gregory S. Sawicki , Ye Zhao

Bipedal robots demonstrate potential in navigating challenging terrains through dynamic ground contact. However, current frameworks often depend solely on proprioception or use manually designed visual pipelines, which are fragile in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Minku Kim , Brian Acosta , Pratik Chaudhari , Michael Posa

Developing robust walking controllers for bipedal robots is a challenging endeavor. Traditional model-based locomotion controllers require simplifying assumptions and careful modelling; any small errors can result in unstable control. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Zhongyu Li , Xuxin Cheng , Xue Bin Peng , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine , Glen Berseth , Koushil Sreenath

Modern robotic systems are endowed with superior mobility and mechanical skills that make them suited to be employed in real-world scenarios, where interactions with heavy objects and precise manipulation capabilities are required. For…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Maria Vittoria Minniti , Ruben Grandia , Farbod Farshidian , Marco Hutter

In this paper, we propose a novel approach on controlling wheel-legged quadrupedal robots using pose optimization and force control via quadratic programming (QP). Our method allows the robot to leverage the whole-body motion and the wheel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Junheng Li , Junchao Ma , Quan Nguyen

This paper presents a novel methodology to model and optimize trajectories of a quadrupedal robot with spinal compliance to improve standing jump performance compared to quadrupeds with a rigid spine. We introduce an elastic model for a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Keran Ye , Konstantinos Karydis