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The proof of gauge invariance of the quantum electrodynamics of photons and electrons does not apply directly to the quantum electrodynamics of photons, electrons, and nuclei because multi-electron atoms belong to the space of asymptotic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-26 M. I. Krivoruchenko

We study a means of creating multiparticle entanglement of neutral atoms using pairwise controlled dipole-dipole interactions in a three dimensional optical lattice. For tightly trapped atoms the dipolar interaction energy can be much…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 G. K. Brennen , I. H. Deutsch , P. S. Jessen

Most theoretical studies for correlated light-matter systems are performed within the long-wavelength limit, i.e., the electromagnetic field is assumed to be spatially uniform. In this limit the so-called length-gauge transformation for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-11 Vasil Rokaj , Davis M. Welakuh , Michael Ruggenthaler , Angel Rubio

Gauge invariance is the cornerstone of modern quantum field theory. Recently, it has been shown that the quantum Rabi model, describing the dipolar coupling between a two-level atom and a quantized electromagnetic field, violates this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-05 O. Di Stefano , A. Settineri , V. Macrì , L. Garziano , R. Stassi , S. Savasta , F. Nori

This note is a reply to the paper arXiv:1801.05590: "The equivalence of the Power-Zineau-Woolley picture and the Poincar{\'e} gauge from the very first principles" by G. K{\'o}nya, et al. In a recent paper [2], we have shown that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-23 Emmanuel Rousseau , Didier Felbacq

We present a general theoretical framework to capture light-matter interactions beyond the electric-dipole approximation (EDA), applicable to extended nano- and microscale materials interacting with spatially structured electric fields…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Rishabh Dora , Roman Korol , Vishal Tiwari , Rahul Chourasiya , Ignacio Franco

The photonic environment can significantly influence emission properties and interactions among atomic systems. In such scenarios, frequently the electric dipole approximation is assumed that is justified as long as the spatial extent of…

Quantum information measures are used to study the quantum phase diagrams of the two-level Dicke model including the atomic dipole-dipole interaction, for a finite number of particles, with and without the rotating-wave approximation, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 S. Cordero , E. Nahmad-Achar , O. Castaños , R. López-Peña

We study the counterpart to the multi-photon down conversion in the quantised motion of a trapped atom. The Lamb-Dicke approximation leads to a divergence of the mean motional excitation in a finite interaction time for k-quantum down…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 S. Wallentowitz , W. Vogel , P. L. Knight

Absorption and emission of light is studied theoretically for excited atoms in coherent superposition of states subjected to isolated attosecond pulses in the extreme ultraviolet range. A gauge invariant formulation of transient absorption…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 Axel Stenquist , Felipe Zapata , Jan Marcus Dahlström

The exchange of an axion-like particle between atomic electrons and the nucleus may induce electric dipole moments (EDMs) of atoms and molecules. This interaction is described by a parity- and time-reversal-invariance-violating potential…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-09-14 V. A. Dzuba , V. V. Flambaum , I. B. Samsonov , Y. V. Stadnik

Valuable information on interactions violating $P$- and $T$-invariance can be extracted from atomic experiments. The hypothesis of a large weak matrix element between single-particle states in heavy nuclei, $\sim 100$ eV, is ruled out by…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-09-25 I. B. Khriplovich

Models of light-matter interactions typically invoke the dipole approximation, within which atoms are treated as point-like objects when compared to the wavelength of the electromagnetic modes that they interact with. However, when the…

A number of arguments at the interplay of general relativity and quantum theory suggest an operational limit to spatial resolution, conventionally modelled as a generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). Recently, it has been demonstrated…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-25 Pasquale Bosso , Giuseppe Fabiano , Domenico Frattulillo , Fabian Wagner

We address the quantum estimation of the diamagnetic, or $A^2$, term in an effective model of light-matter interaction featuring two coupled oscillators. First, we calculate the quantum Fisher information of the diamagnetic parameter in the…

In three dimensions, dipole-dipole interactions which alter atomic level shifts and spontaneous decay rates only persist over distances comparable to the wavelength of the emitted light. In this paper we show that it is possible to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-30 Nicholas Furtak-Wells , Benjamin Dawson , Thomas Mann , Gin Jose , Almut Beige

To characterize the novel quantum phase transition for a hybrid system consisting of an array of coupled cavities and two-level atoms doped in each cavity, we study the atomic entanglement and photonic visibility in comparison with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-06 M. X. Huo , Ying Li , Z. Song , C. P. Sun

While standard minimal coupling works well for Dirac fermions, its application to scalar fields features a known ``peculiarity'': the term linear in $A_\mu$ does not coincide with the conserved Noether current of the interacting theory. We…

General Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 F. Minotti , G. Modanese

Directionally molding the near-field and far-field radiation lies at the heart of nanophotonics and is crucial for applications such as on-chip information processing and chiral quantum networks. The most fundamental model for radiating…

In quantum optics, it is common to assume that atoms are point-like objects compared to the wavelength of the electromagnetic field they interact with. However, this dipole approximation is not always valid, e.g., if atoms couple to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-22 Ariadna Soro , Anton Frisk Kockum