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We analyze the security and feasibility of a protocol for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), in a context where only one of the two parties trusts his measurement apparatus. This scenario lies naturally between standard QKD, where both parties…

In theory, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security. In practice, however, it does not due to the discrepancies between the assumptions used in the security proofs and the behaviour of the real apparatuses.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Margarida Pereira , Go Kato , Akihiro Mizutani , Marcos Curty , Kiyoshi Tamaki

We derive a proof of security for the Differential Phase Shift Quantum Key Distribution (DPSQKD) protocol under the assumption that Eve is restricted to individual attacks. The security proof is derived by bounding the average collision…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Edo Waks , Hiroki Takesue , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Quantum key distribution (QKD) theoretically provides unconditional security between remote parties. However, guaranteeing practical security through device characterisation alone is challenging in real-world implementations due to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Hao Dong , Cong Jiang , Di Ma , Chi Zhang , Jia Huang , Hao Li , Li-Xing You , Yang Liu , Xiang-Bin Wang , Qiang Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a technology that ensures secure communication by leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, such as the no-cloning theorem and quantum uncertainty. This chapter provides an overview of this quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Sebastian Kish , Josef Pieprzyk , Seyit Camtepe

We provide an analysis of a new family of device independent quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols with several novel features: (a) The bits used for the secret key do not come from the results of the measurements on an entangled state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-09 Ramij Rahaman , Matthew G. Parker , Piotr Mironowicz , Marcin Pawłowski

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers a secret way to share keys between legitimate users which is guaranteed by the law of quantum mechanics. Most recently, the limitation of transmission distance without quantum repeaters was broken…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-19 Xingyu Zhou , Chunhui Zhang , Chunmei Zhang , Qin Wang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) uniquely allows distribution of cryptographic keys with security verified by quantum mechanical limits. Both protocol execution and subsequent applications require the assistance of classical data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-04 K. A. Patel , J. F. Dynes , I. Choi , A. W. Sharpe , A. R. Dixon , Z. L. Yuan , R. V. Penty , A. J. Shields

Quantum key distribution (QKD) will most likely be an integral part of any practical quantum network in the future. However, not all QKD protocols can be used in today's networks because of the lack of single-photon emitters and noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Nitin Jha , Abhishek Parakh , Mahadevan Subramaniam

The field of quantum information processing offers secure communication protected by the laws of quantum mechanics and is on the verge of finding wider application for information transfer of sensitive data. To overcome the obstacle of…

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) can share secret keys by using less quantum resource than its fully quantum counterparts, and this likely makes SQKD become more practical and realizable. In this paper, we present a new SQKD protocol by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-03 Wei Zhang , Daowen Qiu

Channel loss seems to be the most severe limitation on the practical application of long distance quantum key distribution. The idea of twin-field quantum key distribution can improve the key rate from the linear scale of channel loss in…

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) exploits the violation of a Bell inequality to extract secure key even if the users' devices are untrusted. Currently, all DIQKD protocols suffer from the secret key capacity bound, i.e.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-05 Yuan-Mei Xie , Bing-Hong Li , Yu-Shuo Lu , Xiao-Yu Cao , Wen-Bo Liu , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

The design of quantum protocols for secure key generation poses many challenges: On the one hand, they need to be practical concerning experimental realisations. On the other hand, their theoretical description must be simple enough to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-29 Martin Sandfuchs , Marcus Haberland , V. Vilasini , Ramona Wolf

Improvement in secure transmission of information is an urgent practical need for governments, corporations and individuals. Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises security based on the laws of physics and has rapidly grown from…

Since several papers appeared in 2000, the quantum key distribution (QKD) community has been well aware that photon number splitting (PNS) attack by Eve severely limits the secure key distribution distance in BB84 QKD systems with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 H. Takesue , E. Diamanti , T. Honjo , C. Langrock , M. M. Fejer , K. Inoue , Y. Yamamoto

The best qubit one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol can tolerate up to 14.1% in the error rate. It has been shown how this rate can be increased by using larger quantum systems. The polarization state of a biphoton can encode a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 I. Bregman , D. Aharonov , M. Ben-Or , H. S. Eisenberg

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers an unconditionally secure means of communication based on the laws of quantum mechanics. Currently, a major challenge is to achieve a QKD system with a 40 dB channel loss, which is required if we are to…

The coherent one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a highly practical quantum communication protocol that is currently deployed in off-the-shelves products. However, despite its simplicity and widespread use, the security of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-26 Emilien Lavie , Charles C. -W. Lim

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the first quantum information task to reach the level of mature technology, already fit for commercialization. It aims at the creation of a secret key between authorized partners connected by a quantum…

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