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Due to its predominantly asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic progression, lung cancer is often diagnosed in advanced stages, resulting in poorer survival rates for patients. As with other cancers, early detection significantly improves the…
Imaging demonstrates that preclinical and human tumors are heterogeneous, i.e. a single tumor can exhibit multiple regions that behave differently during both normal development and also in response to treatment. The large variations…
The incidence of malignant melanoma continues to increase worldwide. This cancer can strike at any age; it is one of the leading causes of loss of life in young persons. Since this cancer is visible on the skin, it is potentially detectable…
The dielectric characterization of human tissues can play a crucial role in the development of new medical diagnostic tools. In particular, the characterization of healthy and pathological tissues can provide vital information for…
Several genetic alterations are involved in the genesis and development of cancers. The determination of whether and how each genetic alterations contributes to cancer development is fundamental for a complete understanding of the human…
It is increasingly common clinically for cancer specimens to be examined using techniques that identify somatic mutations. In principle these mutational profiles can be used to diagnose the tissue of origin, a critical task for the 3-5% of…
Alcohol consumption interferes with the functioning of multiple organ systems, causing changes in the chemistry, physiology and pathology of tissues and cellular organelles. Although epigenetic modifications underlie the development of…
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant cause of cancer-related mortality, despite the widespread implementation of prophylactic initiatives aimed at detecting and removing precancerous polyps. Although screening effectively reduces…
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a lethal disease, begins with the growth of abnormal mucosal cell proliferation called polyps in the inner wall of the colon. When left undetected, polyps can become malignant tumors. Colonoscopy is the standard…
An early detection of different tumor subtypes is crucial for an effective guidance to personalized therapy. While much efforts focus on decoding the sequence of DNA basis to detect the genetic mutations related to cancer, it is becoming…
Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are the 6th most common cancer and the diagnosis is often belated for a curative treatment. The reliable and early differentiation between healthy and diseased cells is the main aim of this study in…
Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States of America. Its prognosis has significantly improved with the advancement of targeted therapies based on underlying molecular changes. The KRAS mutation…
Early cancer detection remains one of the most critical challenges in modern healthcare, where delayed diagnosis significantly reduces survival outcomes. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning, have…
Photonics/light localization techniques are important in understanding the structural changes in biological tissues at the nano- to sub-micron scale. It is now known that structural alteration starts at the nanoscale at the beginning of…
Cancer poses danger because of its unregulated growth, development of resistant subclones, and metastatic spread to vital organs. Although the major transitions in cancer development are increasingly well understood, we lack quantitative…
Colorectal polyps are generally benign alterations that, if not identified promptly and managed successfully, can progress to cancer and cause affectations on the colon mucosa, known as adenocarcinoma. Today advances in Deep Learning have…
Cancer is an epidemic worldwide. At present one in four persons has cancer and this statistic will change to one in a two person in the near future. It is now known that war against cancer is the early, curable detection and treatment.…
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown great promise in improving computer aided detection (CADe). From classifying tumors found via mammography as benign or malignant to automated detection of colorectal polyps in CT colonography,…
Observing the individual building blocks of matter is one of the primary goals of microscopy. The invention of the scanning tunneling microscope [1] revolutionized experimental surface science in that atomic-scale features on a solid-state…
Despite the advances in medicine, cancer has remained a formidable challenge. Particularly in the case of pancreatic tumors, characterized by their diversity and late diagnosis, early detection poses a significant challenge crucial for…