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A classical theorem of Wonenburger, Djokovic, Hoffmann and Paige states that an element of the general linear group of a finite-dimensional vector space is the product of two involutions if and only if it is similar to its inverse. We give…

This paper concerns finite groups of class (at most) two and of odd prime exponent $p$. Such a group is called special if the center lies within its derived group. Every group of class 2 and exponent $p$ can be uniquely expressed as the…

Let X be a finite CW-complex of dimension q. If its fundamental group $\pi_{1}(X)$ is polycyclic of Hirsch number h>q we show that at least one of the homotopy groups $\pi_{i}(X)$ is not finitely generated. If h=q or h=q-1 the same…

Bisch and Jones proposed the classification of planar algebras by simple generators and relations. In this paper, we study the generating problem for a family of group-subgroup subfactors associated with the Kneser graphs, namely, to…

This paper introduces the concept of a generating set for stochastic matrices -- a subset of matrices whose repeated composition generates the entire set. Understanding such generating sets requires specifying the "indivisible elements" and…

Let $M$ be a compact surface without boundary, and $n\geq 2$. We analyse the quotient group $B_n(M)/\Gamma_2(P_n(M))$ of the surface braid group $B_{n}(M)$ by the commutator subgroup $\Gamma_2(P_n(M))$ of the pure braid group $P_{n}(M)$. If…

In this paper we give necessary and sufficient conditions for discreteness of a group generated by a hyperbolic element and an elliptic one of odd order. This completes the classification of discrete groups with non-$\pi$-loxodromic…

We prove that a connected 2-dimensional orbifold with finitely generated and infinite orbifold fundamental group is good. We also describe all the good 2-dimensional orbifolds with finite orbifold fundamental groups

We describe all real points of the parameter space of two-generator Kleinian groups with a parabolic generator, that is, we describe a certain two-dimensional slice through this space. In order to do this we gather together known…

The group of 2-by-2 matrices with integer entries and determinant $\pm > 1$ can be identified either with the group of outer automorphisms of a rank two free group or with the group of isotopy classes of homeomorphisms of a 2-dimensional…

For a nonorientable surface, the twist subgroup is an index 2 subgroup of the mapping class group. It is generated by Dehn twists about two-sided simple closed curves. In this paper, we study involution generators of the twist subgroup. We…

Heisenberg groups over algebras with central involution and their automorphism groups are constructed. The complex quaternion group algebra over a prime field is used as an example. Its subspaces provide finite models for each of the real…

Given a finite group $G$ and a generating set $S \subseteq G$, the diameter $diam(G,S)$ is the least integer $n$ such that every element of $G$ is the product of at most $n$ elements of $S$. In this paper, for bounded $|S|$, we characterize…

We show that every n-by-n matrix is generically a product of [n/2] + 1 Toeplitz matrices and always a product of at most 2n+5 Toeplitz matrices. The same result holds true if the word "Toeplitz" is replaced by "Hankel", and the generic…

A group $G$ is said to be $k$-generated if it has a generating set with $k$ elements. A positive integer $n$ is called a \emph{2-generated number} if every group of order $n$ is 2-generated. In this article, we establish an arithmetic…

We classify the polycyclic totally ordered simple dimension groups, i.e. dimension groups given by a dense embedding of n-dimensional lattice into the real line. Our method is based on the geometry of simple geodesics on the hyperbolic…

We classify those 2-groups G which factorise as a product of two disjoint cyclic subgroups A and B, transposed by an automorphism of order 2. The case where G is metacyclic having been dealt with elsewhere, we show that for each e>2 there…

We study large groups of birational transformations Bir(X), where X is a variety of dimension at least 3, defined over C or a subfield of C. Two prominent cases are when X is the projective space, in which case Bir(X) is the Cremona group…

If $G$ is a nilpotent group and $[G,G]$ has Hirsch length $1$, then every f.g. submonoid of $G$ is boundedly generated, i.e. a product of cyclic submonoids. Using a reduction of Bodart, this implies the decidability of the submonoid…

We prove that every finitely-generated group of homeomorphisms of the 2-dimensional sphere all of whose elements have a finite order which is a power of 2 and so that there exists a uniform bound for the order of group elements is finite.…