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Formal methods apply algorithms based on mathematical principles to enhance the reliability of systems. It would only be natural to try to progress from verification, model checking or testing a system against its formal specification into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-02-28 Gal Katz , Doron Peled

We present a method for synthesizing recursive functions that provably satisfy a given specification in the form of a polymorphic refinement type. We observe that such specifications are particularly suitable for program synthesis for two…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-04-22 Nadia Polikarpova , Ivan Kuraj , Armando Solar-Lezama

This paper develops a new framework for program synthesis, called semantics-guided synthesis (SemGuS), that allows a user to provide both the syntax and the semantics for the constructs in the language. SemGuS accepts a recursively defined…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Jinwoo Kim , Qinheping Hu , Loris D'Antoni , Thomas Reps

Program synthesis is the generation of a program from a specification. Correct synthesis is difficult, and methods that provide formal guarantees suffer from scalability issues. On the other hand, neural networks are able to generate…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Elizabeth Polgreen , Ralph Abboud , Daniel Kroening

Program Synthesis is the mapping of a specification of what a computer program is supposed to do, into a computer program that does what the specification says to do. This is equivalent to constructing any computer program and a sound proof…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-01-08 Charles Volkstorf

Heap-manipulating programs are known to be challenging to reason about. We present a novel verifier for heap-manipulating programs called S2TD, which encodes programs systematically in the form of Constrained Horn Clauses (CHC) using a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Quang Loc Le , Jun Sun , Long H. Pham , Shengchao Qin

Incorrectness Separation Logic (ISL) is a proof system designed to automate verification and detect bugs in programs manipulating heap memories. In this study, we extend ISL to support variable-length array predicates and pointer…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yeonseok Lee , Koji Nakazawa

Program synthesis is the task of automatically deriving a program that has been specified by a user in advance. Combining automated theorem proving with program synthesis enables the automated construction of proven-to-be-correct programs,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Márton Hajdu , Petra Hozzová , Laura Kovács , Eva Maria Wagner

Synthesizing user-intended programs from a small number of input-output examples is a challenging problem with several important applications like spreadsheet manipulation, data wrangling and code refactoring. Existing synthesis systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Ashwin Kalyan , Abhishek Mohta , Oleksandr Polozov , Dhruv Batra , Prateek Jain , Sumit Gulwani

Program synthesis--the automated generation of executable code from high-level specifications--has been a central goal of computer science for over fifty years. This thesis provides a comparative literature review of the main paradigms that…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Zurabi Kobaladze , Anna Arnania , Tamar Sanikidze

A deductive program synthesis tool takes a specification as input and derives a program that satisfies the specification. The drawback of this approach is that search spaces for such correct programs tend to be enormous, making it difficult…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Yutaka Nagashima

For over two decades Separation Logic has been arguably the most popular framework for reasoning about heap-manipulating programs, as well as reasoning about shared resources and permissions. Separation Logic is often extended to include…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Neta Elad , Adithya Murali , Sharon Shoham

Separation logic is used to reason locally about stateful programs. State of the art program logics for higher-order store are usually built on top of untyped operational semantics, in part because traditional denotational methods have…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Frederik Lerbjerg Aagaard , Jonathan Sterling , Lars Birkedal

Syntax-guided synthesis aims to find a program satisfying semantic specification as well as user-provided structural hypothesis. For syntax-guided synthesis there are two main search strategies: concrete search, which systematically or…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Kangjing Huang , Xiaokang Qiu , Qi Tian , Yanjun Wang

Inspired by a concrete industry problem we consider the input synthesis problem for hybrid systems: given a hybrid system that is subject to input from outside (also called disturbance or noise), find an input sequence that steers the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Takumi Akazaki , Ichiro Hasuo , Kohei Suenaga

A growing trend in program analysis is to encode verification conditions within the language of the input program. This simplifies the design of analysis tools by utilizing off-the-shelf verifiers, but makes communication with the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Scott Wesley , Maria Christakis , Jorge A. Navas , Richard Trefler , Valentin Wüstholz , Arie Gurfinkel

Synthetic verification techniques such as generating test cases and reward modelling are common ways to enhance the coding capabilities of large language models (LLM) beyond predefined tests. Additionally, code verification has recently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Aleksander Ficek , Somshubra Majumdar , Vahid Noroozi , Boris Ginsburg

Semantics-Guided Synthesis (SemGuS) provides a framework to specify synthesis problems in a solver-agnostic and domain-agnostic way, by allowing a user to provide both the syntax and semantics of the language in which the desired program…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Charlie Murphy , Keith Johnson , Thomas Reps , Loris D'Antoni

Software synthesis - the process of generating complete, general-purpose programs from specifications - has become a hot research topic in the past few years. For decades the problem was thought to be insurmountable: the search space of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-10-29 Jonathan Frankle

Proof by coupling is a classical technique for proving properties about pairs of randomized algorithms by carefully relating (or coupling) two probabilistic executions. In this paper, we show how to automatically construct such proofs for…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Aws Albarghouthi , Justin Hsu