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We present a semi-rigorous justification of Bekenstein's Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics applicable to a universe with black holes present, based on a generic quantum gravity formulation of a black hole spacetime, where the bulk…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-03 Parthasarathi Majumdar

By entangling soft massless particles one can create an arbitrarily large amount of entanglement entropy that carries an arbitrarily small amount of energy. Dropping this entropy into the black hole (b.h.) one can increase the b.h. entropy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-01-11 Hrvoje Nikolic

The classical first law of thermodynamic for Kerr-Newmann black hole (KNBH) is generalized to that in quantum form on event horizon. Then four quantum conservation laws on the KNBH equilibrium radiation process are derived, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Q. Wu , X. Cai

Parikh-Wilczek tunnelling framework, which treats Hawking radiation as a tunnelling process, is investigated again. As the first order correction, the log-corrected entropy-area relation naturally emerges in the tunnelling picture if we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Jingyi Zhang

Black hole thermodynamics is the area of study that seeks to reconcile the laws of thermodynamics with the existence of black hole event horizons. Here we calculate the entropy corresponding to the interior of a Schwarzschild black hole for…

General Physics · Physics 2019-02-28 Sandip Dutta , Ritabrata Biswas

The quantum tunneling processes related to the black hole determine the black hole thermodynamics. The Hawking temperature is determined by the quantum tunneling processes of radiation of particles from the black hole. On the other hand,…

General Physics · Physics 2024-12-17 G. E. Volovik

Some basic features of black-hole statistical mechanics are investigated, assuming that black holes respect the principles of quantum mechanics. Care is needed in defining an entropy S_bh corresponding to the number of microstates of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-11-20 Steven B. Giddings

The comparison of geometrical properties of black holes with classical thermodynamic variables reveals surprising parallels between the laws of black hole mechanics and the laws of thermodynamics. Since Hawking's discovery that black holes…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-03-18 Carina E. A. Prunkl , Christopher G. Timpson

The black-hole information puzzle has attracted much attention over the years from both physicists and mathematicians. One of the most intriguing suggestions to resolve the information paradox is due to Bekenstein, who has stressed the fact…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-14 Shahar Hod

We show that essentially pure classical thermodynamics is sufficient to determine Bekenstein's formula for the black hole's entropy, $S=\eta A$. We base our reasoning on the minimal assumption that since black body radiation is describable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Gilad Gour , Avraham E. Mayo

The brick-wall model seeks to explain the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy as a wall-contribution to the thermal energy of ambient quantum fields raised to the Hawking temperature. Reservations have been expressed concerning the self-consistency…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-25 Shinji Mukohyama , Werner Israel

The concept of interior entropy of black hole provides a possible way to deal with information problem. We derive evolution relation between interior entropy and Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for a loop quantum-corrected black hole with large…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-16 Wei Zhang

In this work, we investigate the properties of Hawking radiation induced by the quantum atmosphere beyond the event horizon, by considering two detectors in Schwarzschild spacetime with the parameterized Hartle-Hawking temperature.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-16 Shuai Zhang , Li-Juan Li , Xue-Ke Song , Liu Ye , Dong Wang

We generally consider that entropy and temperature of a spherically symmetric black hole are corrected by quantum effect. We calculate interior entropy variation of massless scalar field and compare it with corrected Bekenstein-Hawking…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-10 Ming Zhang

The Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is a cornerstone of horizon thermodynamics but quantum effects correct it, while inequivalent entropies arise also in non-extensive thermodynamics. Reviewing our previous work, we advocate for a new entropy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-25 Shin'ichi Nojiri , Sergei D. Odintsov , Valerio Faraoni

Between 1972 and 1975, Jacob Bekenstein proposed that black holes possess entropy proportional to their horizon area, and Stephen Hawking derived this relationship from semiclassical quantum field theory in curved spacetime, predicting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-12 Ricardo Bulcão Valente Ferrari , Samuel Bueno Soltau

We revisit in detail the paradox of black hole information loss due to Hawking radiation as tunneling. We compute the amount of information encoded in correlations among Hawking radiations for a variety of black holes, including the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-02-01 Baocheng Zhang , Qing-yu Cai , Ming-sheng Zhan , Li You

We investigate the meaning of the entropy carried away by Hawking radiations from a black hole. We propose that the entropy for a black hole measures the uncertainty of the information about the black hole forming matter's precollapsed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-27 Baocheng Zhang , Qing-yu Cai , Ming-sheng Zhan , Li You

Recently, exotic black holes whose masses and angular momenta are interchanged have been found, and it is known that their entropies depend only on the $inner$ horizon areas. But a basic problem of these entropies is that the second law of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Mu-In Park

To derive black hole thermodynamics in any quantum theory of gravity, one must introduce constraints that ensure that a black hole is actually present. For a large class of black holes, the imposition of such ``horizon constraints'' allows…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 S. Carlip