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In the coming decades, the discovery of the first truly Earth-like exoplanets is anticipated. The characterisation of those planets will play a vital role in determining which are chosen as targets for the search for life beyond the Solar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-20 J. Horner , J. B. Gilmore , D. Waltham

The diversity of planetary systems that have been discovered are revealing the plethora of possible architectures, providing insights into planet formation and evolution. They also increase our understanding of system parameters that may…

Warm giant planets with orbital periods of tens of days exhibit a positive correlation between mass and eccentricity. We interpret this trend as the outcome of planet-planet scattering, representing a transition from collision-dominated…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-25 Jiayin Dong , Eve J. Lee , Eiichiro Kokubo , Ruth Murray-Clay , Arvind Gupta

The asteroid belt is the leftover of the original planetesimal population in the inner solar system. However, currently the asteroids have orbits with all possible values of eccentricities and inclinations compatible with long-term…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Alessandro Morbidelli , Kevin J. Walsh , David P. O'Brien , David A. Minton , William F. Bottke

The asteroid belt was dynamically shaped during and after planet formation. Despite representing a broad ring of stable orbits, the belt contains less than one one-thousandth of an Earth mass. The asteroid orbits are dynamically excited…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Sean N. Raymond , David Nesvorny

The discovery of now about 20 extrasolar planets orbiting solar-type stars with properties quite different from those in our Solar System has raised many questions about the formation and evolution of planets. The tidal interaction between…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Willy Kley

The high-multiplicity exoplanet systems are generally more tightly packed when compared to the solar system. Such compact multi-planet systems are often susceptible to dynamical instability. We investigate the impact of dynamical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-13 Tuhin Ghosh , Sourav Chatterjee

Instabilities and strong dynamical interactions between multiple giant planets have been proposed as a possible explanation for the surprising orbital properties of extrasolar planetary systems. In particular, dynamical instabilities seem…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eric B. Ford , Frederic A. Rasio , Kenneth Yu

Most transiting planets orbit very close to their parent star, causing strong tidal forces between the two bodies. Tidal interaction can modify the dynamics of the system through orbital alignment, circularisation, synchronisation, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Frederic Pont

Meteorites, and in particular primitive meteorites (chondrites), are irreplaceable probes of the solar protoplanetary disk. We review their essential properties and endeavour to place them in astrophysical context. The earliest solar system…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-12 Emmanuel Jacquet , Cornelis Dullemond , Joanna Drążkowska , Steven Desch

It is now accepted that the Solar system's youth was a dynamic and chaotic time. The giant planets migrated significant distances to reach their current locations, and evidence of that migration's influence on the Solar system abounds. That…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-12 Jonathan Horner , F. Elliott Koch , Patryk Sofia Lykawka

The evolution of exoplanetary systems with a close-in planet is ruled by the tides mutually raised on the two bodies and by the magnetic braking of the host star. This paper deals with consequences of this evolution and some features that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-05 S. Ferraz-Mello , C. Beaugé

The ejection of planets by the instability of planetary systems is a potential source of free-floating planets. We numerically simulate multi-planet systems to study the evolution process, the properties of surviving systems, and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-16 Ruocheng Zhai , Man Hoi Lee , Tianjun Gan , Shude Mao

Understanding planetary habitability is one of the major challenges of the current scientific era, particularly given the discovery of a large and diverse terrestrial exoplanet population. Discerning the primary factors that contribute to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-05 Stephen R. Kane , Richard Ernst , Cedric Gillmann , Christopher Jones , Timothy Lyons , Christopher Tino

Planet-disk interaction predicts a change in the orbital elements of an embedded planet. Through linear and fully hydrodynamical studies it has been found that migration is typically directed inwards. Hence, this migration process gives…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Willy Kley

The origin of the orbital structure of the cold component of the Kuiper belt is still a hot subject of investigation. Several features of the solar system suggest that the giant planets underwent a phase of global dynamical instability, but…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-28 Rodney Gomes , David Nesvorny , Alessandro Morbidelli , Rogerio Deienno , Erica Nogueira

The migration of the giant planets due to the scattering of planetesimals causes powerful resonances to move through the asteroid belt and the terrestrial planet region. Exactly when and how the giant planets migrated is not well known. In…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Kevin J. Walsh , Alessandro Morbidelli

Exoplanet observations have shown that the occurrence and orbital architectures of close-in super-Earths and sub-Neptunes are shaped by the presence of outer gas giant planets. This influence may emerge during the formation stage or from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-04 Marcela Best , Antranik A. Sefilian , Carolina Charalambous , Kedron Silsbee , Cristobal Petrovich

Planets of 1-4 times Earth's size on orbits shorter than 100 days exist around 30-50% of all Sun-like stars. In fact, the Solar System is particularly outstanding in its lack of "hot super-Earths" (or "mini-Neptunes"). These planets -- or…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Andre Izidoro , Sean N. Raymond , Alessandro Morbidelli , Franck Hersant , Arnaud Pierens

Gas giants orbiting their host star within the ice line are thought to have migrated to their current locations from farther out. Here we consider the origin and dynamical evolution of observed Jupiters, focusing on hot and warm Jupiters…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-07 Fabio Antonini , Adrian S. Hamers , Yoram Lithwick
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