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Image foreground extraction is a classical problem in image processing and vision, with a large range of applications. In this dissertation, we focus on the extraction of text and graphics in mixed-content images, and design novel…
Sparse representation leads to an efficient way to approximately recover a signal by the linear composition of a few bases from a learnt dictionary, based on which various successful applications have been achieved. However, in the scenario…
Modelling the diffusion-relaxation magnetic resonance (MR) signal obtained from multi-parametric sequences has recently gained immense interest in the community due to new techniques significantly reducing data acquisition time. A preferred…
We propose a compressed sampling and dictionary learning framework for fiber-optic sensing using wavelength-tunable lasers. A redundant dictionary is generated from a model for the reflected sensor signal. Imperfect prior knowledge is…
In dictionary learning, also known as sparse coding, the algorithm is given samples of the form $y = Ax$ where $x\in \mathbb{R}^m$ is an unknown random sparse vector and $A$ is an unknown dictionary matrix in $\mathbb{R}^{n\times m}$…
Multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most common management tool used to characterize neurological disorders based on brain tissue contrasts. However, acquiring high-resolution MRI scans is time-consuming and infeasible…
This paper addresses the problem of uplink and downlink channel estimation in FDD Massive MIMO systems. By utilizing sparse recovery and compressive sensing algorithms, we are able to improve the accuracy of the uplink/downlink channel…
We consider the problem of sparse coding, where each sample consists of a sparse linear combination of a set of dictionary atoms, and the task is to learn both the dictionary elements and the mixing coefficients. Alternating minimization is…
This paper presents a structured dictionary-based model for hyperspectral data that incorporates both spectral and contextual characteristics of a spectral sample, with the goal of hyperspectral image classification. The idea is to…
We present a probabilistic modeling and inference framework for discriminative analysis dictionary learning under a weak supervision setting. Dictionary learning approaches have been widely used for tasks such as low-level signal denoising…
We present a novel way to model diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) datasets, that benefits from the structural coherence of the human brain while only using data from a single subject. Current methods model the dMRI signal in…
Decoding visual stimuli from neural responses recorded by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) presents an intriguing intersection between cognitive neuroscience and machine learning, promising advancements in understanding human…
Real-world data processing problems often involve various image modalities associated with a certain scene, including RGB images, infrared images or multi-spectral images. The fact that different image modalities often share certain…
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an essential diagnostic tool in clinical settings but its utility is often hindered by noise artifacts introduced during the imaging process. Effective denoising is critical for enhancing image quality…
Pseudo-healthy image inpainting is an essential preprocessing step for analyzing pathological brain MRI scans. Most current inpainting methods favor slice-wise 2D models for their high in-plane fidelity, but their independence across slices…
Finding an informative subset of a large collection of data points or models is at the center of many problems in computer vision, recommender systems, bio/health informatics as well as image and natural language processing. Given pairwise…
Diffusion models (DMs) are a powerful type of generative models that have achieved state-of-the-art results in various image synthesis tasks and have shown potential in other domains, such as natural language processing and temporal data…
Sparse coding has been popularly used as an effective data representation method in various applications, such as computer vision, medical imaging and bioinformatics, etc. However, the conventional sparse coding algorithms and its manifold…
Diffusion models are powerful tools for sampling from high-dimensional distributions by progressively transforming pure noise into structured data through a denoising process. When equipped with a guidance mechanism, these models can also…
Remote sensing semantic segmentation must address both what the ground objects are within an image and where they are located. Consequently, segmentation models must ensure not only the semantic correctness of large-scale patches…