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A primary goal of direct imaging techniques is to spectrally characterize the atmospheres of planets around other stars at extremely high contrast levels. To achieve this goal, coronagraphic instruments have favored integral field…

Imaging terrestrial exoplanets around nearby stars is a formidable technical challenge, requiring the development of coronagraphs to suppress the stellar halo of diffracted light at the location of the planet. In this review, we derive the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-04 Matthew A. Kenworthy , Sebastiaan Y. Haffert

This paper, first, presents introductory reviews of the Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) mission and the SPICA Coronagraph Instrument (SCI). SPICA will realize a 3m class telescope cooled to 6K in orbit. The…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 K. Enya , L. Abe , S. Takeuchi , T. Kotani , T. Yamamuro

NASA's Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is a flagship astrophysics mission planned for launch no later than May 2027. The Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) aboard Roman will demonstrate the technology for direct imaging and spectroscopy of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-15 Nanaz Fathpour , Milan Mandic , Joel Shields , Zahidul Rahman , Alfredo Valverde

Cool Planet Imaging Coronagraph (CPI-C) on Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope (CSST) is proposed to direct image the cool planets around nearby solar-type stars (within 40 pc). The core scientific objective of CPI-C is to conduct…

Context. The Coronagraphic Instrument (CGI) on the Roman Space Telescope aims for unprecedented contrast for direct imaging of exoplanets, serving as a critical tech demo for future missions like the Habitable Worlds Observatory. This…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-11 Iva Laginja , Pierre Baudoz , Johan Mazoyer , Axel Potier , Raphaël Galicher , Faouzi Boussaha

The Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey's highest recommended space mission was a Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) to efficiently conduct three kinds of studies: dark energy surveys, exoplanet surveys, and guest surveys.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-06 Michael E. Levi , Alex G. Kim , Michael L. Lampton , Michael J. Sholl

The science investigation teams (SITs) for the WFIRST coronagraphic instrument have begun studying the capabilities of the instrument to directly image reflected light off from exoplanets at contrasts down to contrasts of ~10^-9 with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-12 Rahul Patel , Rafael Millan-Gabet , John Krist , Charles Beichman

The World Space Observatory for Ultraviolet (WSO-UV) is an orbital optical telescope with a 1.7 m-diameter primary mirror currently under development. The WSO-UV is aimed to operate in the 115-310 nm UV spectral range. Its two major science…

WFIRST will conduct a coronagraphic program of characterizing the atmospheres of planets around bright nearby stars. When observed with the WFIRST Wide Field Camera, these stars will saturate the detector and produce very strong diffraction…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-08 Peter Melchior , David Spergel , Arianna Lanz

The Astro2010 Decadal Survey recommended a Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) as its top priority for a new large space mission. The report of the WFIRST-AFTA Science Definition Team (SDT) presents a Design Reference Mission for…

Exoplanetary science is a very active field of astronomy nowadays, with questions still opened such as how planetary systems form and evolve (occurrence, process), why such a diversity of exoplanets is observed (mass, radius, orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-07 Raphaël Galicher , Johan Mazoyer

The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) is a next-generation, facility instrument currently being commissioned at the Gemini South observatory. GPI combines an extreme adaptive optics system and integral field spectrograph (IFS) with an…

Characterization of directly imaged exoplanets is one of the most eagerly anticipated science functions of the James Webb Space Telescope. MIRI, the mid-IR instrument has the capability to provide unique spatially resolved photometric data…

Less than 3% of the known exoplanets were directly imaged for two main reasons. They are angularly very close to their parent star, which is several magnitudes brighter. Direct imaging of exoplanets thus requires a dedicated instrumentation…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 R. Galicher , P. Baudoz , J. Baudrand

End-to-end simulation of the influence of the optical train on the observed scene is important across optics and is particularly important for predicting the science yield of astronomical telescopes. As a consequence of their goal of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-18 Kian Milani , Ewan S. Douglas

We present modeled detection limits of the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) and the Wide-Field Infrared Space Telescope (WFIRST) to an optical and infrared laser which could be used by an extraterrestrial civilization to signal their presence.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Christina L. Vides , Bruce Macintosh , Breanna A. Binder , Robert J. De Rosa , Jean-Baptiste Ruffio , Dmitry Savransky

The Wide Field InfraRed Survey Telescope-Astrophysics Focused Telescope Asset (WFIRST-AFTA) mission is a 2.4-m class space telescope that will be used across a swath of astrophysical research domains. JPL will provide a high-contrast…

For future space infrared astronomical coronagraphy, we perform experimental studies on the application of aluminum mirrors to a coronagraph. Cooled reflective optics is required for broad-band mid-infrared observations in space, while…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-09 Shinji Oseki , Shinki Oyabu , Daisuke Ishihara , Keigo Enya , Kanae Haze , Takayuki Kotani , Hidehiro Kaneda , Miho Nishiyama , Lyu Abe , Tomoyasu Yamamuro