Related papers: A new invariance identity and means

In this paper, the Authors establish a new identity for differentiable functions. By the well-known H\"older and power mean inequality, they obtain some integral inequalities related to the convex functions and apply these inequalities to…

Let A be an arbitrary set. For any transformation T (self-map of A) let T(f)(x):=f(T(x)) (for all x in A) be the usual shift operator. A function g is called periodic, i.e., invariant mod T, if Tg=g (=Ig, where I is the identity operator).…

Let $(X, \mathscr{L}, \lambda)$ and $(Y, \mathscr{M}, \mu)$ be finite measure spaces for which there exist $A \in \mathscr{L}$ and $B \in \mathscr{M}$ with $0 < \lambda(A) < \lambda(X)$ and $0 < \mu(B) < \mu(Y)$, and let $I\subseteq…

For a metric space $(A,d)$, and a set $\Sigma$ of equations, some quantities are introduced that measure the size of discontinuities that must occur in operations satisfying $\Sigma$ (identically) on $A$. We are able to evaluate these…

An interesting line of research is the investigation of the laws of random variables known as Dirichlet means. However, there is not much information on interrelationships between different Dirichlet means. Here, we introduce two…

The purpose of this paper is three-fold: first, we survey on several known pointwise identities involving fractional operators; second, we propose a unified way to deal with those identities; third, we prove some new pointwise identities in…

In this paper, a new identity for convex functions is derived. A consequence of the identity is that we can derive new estimates for the remainder term of the midpoint, trapezoid, and Simpson formulae for functions whose derivatives in…

The integration operators (*) $({\mathcal J}^+\,g)(x) = \int_a^x g(t) \, dt$ and (**) $({\mathcal J}^-\,g)(x) = \int_x^b g(t) \, dt$ defined on an interval $(a,b) \subseteq {\mathbf R}$ yield new identities for indefinite convolutions,…

If $f(x,y)$ is a real function satisfying $y>0$ and $\sum_{r=0}^{n-1}f(x+ry,ny)=f(x,y)$ for $n=1,2,3,\ldots$, we say that $f(x,y)$ is an invariant function. Many special functions including Bernoulli polynomials, Gamma function and Hurwitz…

Let $f$ and $g$ be real-valued continuous injections defined on a non-empty real interval $I$, and let $(X, \mathscr{L}, \lambda)$ and $(Y, \mathscr{M}, \mu)$ be probability spaces in each of which there is at least one measurable set whose…

Given a semigroup $S$ generated by its squares equipped with an involutive automorphism $\sigma$ and a multiplicative function $\mu:S\to\mathbb{C}$ such that $\mu(x\sigma(x))=1$ for all $x\in S$, we determine the complex-valued solutions of…

Invariants withstand transformations and, therefore, represent the essence of objects or phenomena. In mathematics, transformations often constitute a group action. Since the 19th century, studying the structure of various types of…

The aim of this paper is twofold. On one hand, the additive solvability of the system of functional equations \[d_{k}(xy)=\sum_{i=0}^{k}\Gamma(i,k-i) d_{i}(x)d_{k-i}(y) \qquad (x,y\in \R,\,k\in\{0,\ldots,n\}) \] is studied, where…

In this paper, we are dealing with the solution of the functional equation $$ \varphi\Big(\frac{x+y}2\Big)(f(x)-f(y))=F(x)-F(y), $$ concerning the unknown functions $\varphi,f$ and $F$ defined on a same open subinterval of the reals.…

We propose a notion of iterating functions $f:X^{k}\rightarrow X$ in a way that represents recurrence relations of the form $a_{n+k}=f(a_{n},a_{n+1},...,a_{n+k-1})$. We define a function as $n$-involutory when its $n$th iterate is the…

Let $a,b,c$ be distinct positive integers such that $a<b<c$ and $\gcd(a,b,c)=1$. For any non-negative integer $n$, the denumerant function $d(n;a,b,c)$ denotes the number of solutions of the equation $ax_1+bx_2+cx_3=n$ in non-negative…

It is well known that in every inverse semigroup the binary operation and the unary operation of inversion satisfy the following three identities: [\quad x=(xx')x \qquad \quad (xx')(y'y)=(y'y)(xx') \qquad \quad (xy)z=x(yz"). ] The goal of…

In the finite dimensional case, mean-type mappings, their invariant means, relations between the uniqueness of invariant means and convergence of orbits of the mapping, are considered. In particular it is shown, that the uniqueness of an…

For a metric space $(A,d)$, and a set $\Sigma$ of equations, a quantity is introduced that measures how far continuous operations must deviate from satisfying $\Sigma$ on $(A,d)$. }

The purpose of this paper is to characterize several classes of functional identities involving inverses with related mappings from a unital Banach algebra $\mathcal{A}$ over the complex field into a unital $\mathcal{A}$-bimodule…