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We highlight some of the developments in the theory and the observation of the electromagnetic radiation, thermal and otherwise, emitted in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-08-29 Charles Gale

Relative hadron abundances from high-energy heavy-ion collisions reveal substantial inhomogeneities of temperature and baryon-chemical potential within the decoupling volume. The freeze-out volume is not perfectly "stirred", i.e. the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Dumitru , L. Portugal , D. Zschiesche

Heavy-ion collisions at BNL's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and CERN's Large Hadron Collider provide strong evidence for the formation of a quark-gluon plasma, with temperatures extracted from relativistic viscous hydrodynamic simulations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-18 Jürgen Berges , Michal P. Heller , Aleksas Mazeliauskas , Raju Venugopalan

Data on high energy nuclear collisions collected at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider over the past decade have provided convincing evidence that hadronization is quite different in hot nuclear environments compared to p+p collisions. In…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-03-01 Rainer J. Fries

Central nuclear collisions at energies far above 1 GeV/nucleon may provide for conditions, where the transition from highly excited hadronic matter into quark matter or quark-gluon plasma can be probed. Here I review our current…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Berndt Mueller

We study quantum entanglement in one-dimensional correlated fermionic system. Our results show, for the first time, that entanglement can be used to identify quantum phase transitions in fermionic systems.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Shi-Jian Gu , Shu-Sa Deng , You-Quan Li , Hai-Qing Lin

We study sudden quantum quenches in which the initial states are selected to be either eigenstates of an integrable Hamiltonian that is nonmappable to a noninteracting one or a nonintegrable Hamiltonian, while the Hamiltonian after the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-04-15 Kai He , Marcos Rigol

We propose a novel quasiparticle interpretation of the equation of state of deconfined QCD at finite temperature. Using appropriate thermal masses, we introduce a phenomenological parametrisation of the onset of confinement in the vicinity…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 R. A. Schneider , T. Renk , M. Thaler , A. Polleri , W. Weise

We present analytic expressions describing generation of the entanglement in collisions of initially uncorrelated quantum solitons. The results, obtained by means of the Born's approximation (for fast solitons), are valid for both…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-19 Maciej Lewenstein , Boris A. Malomed

Strongly interacting matter as described by the thermodynamics of QCD undergoes a phase transition, from a low temperature hadronic medium to a high temperature quark-gluon plasma state. In the early universe this transition occurred during…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-09-02 Jurgen Schukraft , Reinhard Stock

Ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions produce a high-temperature, thermalized system that may mimic the conditions present shortly after the big bang. This writeup will given an overview of early results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-07-02 Spencer R. Klein

The peculiar role of heavy-flavour observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is discussed. Produced in the early stage, $c$ and $b$ quarks cross the hot medium arising from the collision, interacting strongly with the latter, until…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-12-21 Andrea Beraudo

We argue that the idea that the parton system created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is formed in a state with transverse momenta close to thermodynamic equilibrium and its subsequent dynamics at early times is dominated by pure…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Bialas , M. Chojnacki , W. Florkowski

We discuss recent progress towards developing accurate initial state descriptions for heavy ion collisions focusing on weak coupling based approaches, that enable one to constrain the high-energy structure of nuclei from deep inelastic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-12-14 Heikki Mäntysaari

We study, from a thermodynamic perspective, the equilibrium states of a qubit interacting with an arbitrary environment of dimension N>>2. We show that even in presence of memory about the initial state, in some cases the qubit can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-31 Andrés Vallejo , Alejandro Romanelli , Raul Donangelo

Studying the thermodynamics of the systems produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions is crucial in understanding the QCD phase diagram. Recently, a new avenue has opened regarding the implications of large initial angular momentum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-18 Kshitish Kumar Pradhan , Bhagyarathi Sahoo , Dushmanta Sahu , Raghunath Sahoo

The status of RHIC theory and phenomenology is reviewed with an emphasis on the indications for the creation of a new deconfined state of matter. The critical role of high energy nuclear physics in the development of theoretical tools that…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 Ivan Vitev

We study the hadronic effects on the $cc\bar{q}\bar{q}$ tetraquark state by focusing on the $T_{cc}(1^+)$ meson during the hadronic stage of relativistic heavy ion collisions. We evaluate the absorption cross section of the $T_{cc}$ meson…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-08-08 Juhee Hong , Sungtae Cho , Taesoo Song , Su Houng Lee

There is little doubt that Quantumchromodynamics (QCD) is the theory which describes strong interaction physics. Lattice gauge simulations of QCD predict that in the $\mu,T$ plane there is a line where a transition from confined hadronic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Aichelin , H. Petersen , S. Vogel , M. Bleicher

Electromagnetic emission in the form of photons or dileptons provide important information on the onset and evolution of a heavy ion collision at ultrarelativistic energies. We briefly summarize the theoretical assessments of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-03-17 Ismail Zahed