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There exist two issues among popular lattice reduction (LR) algorithms that should cause our concern. The first one is Korkine-Zolotarev (KZ) and Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovasz (LLL) algorithms may increase the lengths of basis vectors. The other…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-12 Shanxiang Lyu , Cong Ling

Quadratic form reduction and lattice reduction are fundamental tools in computational number theory and in computer science, especially in cryptography. The celebrated Lenstra-Lenstra-Lov\'asz reduction algorithm (so-called LLL) has been…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Thomas Espitau , Antoine Joux

Since the invention of the famous LLL algorithm, lattice reduction has been an extremely useful tool in computational number theory. By construction, the LLL algorithm deals with lattices living in a vector space endowed with a positive…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Antoine Joux

Lattice reduction-aided decoding features reduced decoding complexity and near-optimum performance in multi-input multi-output communications. In this paper, a quantitative analysis of lattice reduction-aided decoding is presented. To this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-28 Cong Ling

The Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovasz (LLL) reduction has wide applications in digital communications. It can greatly improve the speed of the sphere decoding (SD) algorithms for solving an integer least squares (ILS) problem and the performance of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-04-09 Xiaohu Xie , Xiao-Wen Chang , Mazen Al Borno

The Korkine-Zolotareff (KZ) reduction is one of the often used reduction strategies for lattice decoding. In this paper, we first investigate some important properties of KZ reduced matrices. Specifically, we present a linear upper bound on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Jinming Wen , Xiao-Wen Chang

Vector perturbation (VP) precoding is an effective nonlinear precoding technique in the downlink (DL) with modulo channels, providing an approximation of dirty paper coding (DPC) which is capacity-achieving. Especially, when combined with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Dominik Semmler , Wolfgang Utschick , Michael Joham

The Lenstra-Lenstra-Lov\'asz (LLL) algorithm is the most practical lattice reduction algorithm in digital communications. In this paper, several variants of the LLL algorithm with either lower theoretic complexity or fixed-complexity…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-06-11 Cong Ling , Wai Ho Mow , Nick Howgrave-Graham

Lattice reduction is a NP-hard problem well known in computer science and cryptography. The Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovasz (LLL) algorithm based on the calculation of orthogonal Gram-Schmidt (GS) bases is efficient and gives a good solution in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Cyril Cayron

We expand on recent exciting work of Debris-Alazard, Ducas, and van Woerden [Transactions on Information Theory, 2022], which introduced the notion of basis reduction for codes, in analogy with the extremely successful paradigm of basis…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Surendra Ghentiyala , Noah Stephens-Davidowitz

Lattice reduction algorithms, such as the LLL algorithm, have been proposed as preprocessing tools in order to enhance the performance of suboptimal receivers in MIMO communications. In this paper we introduce a new kind of lattice…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-01-12 Laura Luzzi , Ghaya Rekaya-Ben Othman , Jean-Claude Belfiore

A new architecture called integer-forcing (IF) linear receiver has been recently proposed for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channels, wherein an appropriate integer linear combination of the received symbols has to be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-07-16 Amin Sakzad , J. Harshan , Emanuele Viterbo

The successive cancellation list decoder (SCL) is an efficient decoder for classical polar codes with low decoding error, approximating the maximum likelihood decoder (MLD) for small list sizes. Here we adapt the SCL to the task of decoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Anqi Gong , Joseph M. Renes

The common method to estimate an unknown integer parameter vector in a linear model is to solve an integer least squares (ILS) problem. A typical approach to solving an ILS problem is sphere decoding. To make a sphere decoder faster, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-18 Xiao-Wen Chang , Jinming Wen , Xiaohu Xie

The Korkine-Zolotareff (KZ) reduction is a widely used lattice reduction strategy in communications and cryptography. The Hermite constant, which is a vital constant of lattice, has many applications, such as bounding the length of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Jinming Wen , Xiao-Wen Chang , Jian Weng

Cadambe and Jafar (CJ) alignment strategy for the K-user scalar frequency-selective fading Gaussian channel, with encoding over blocks of 2n+1 random channel coefficients (subcarriers) is considered. The linear zero-forcing (LZF) strategy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-06-02 Peyman Razaghi , Giuseppe Caire

Lattice codes with optimal decoding coefficient are capacity-achieving when dimension $N \rightarrow \infty$. In communications systems, finite dimensional lattice codes are considered, where the optimal decoding coefficients may still fail…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Jiajie Xue , Brian M. Kurkoski

Lattice reduction (LR) aided multiple-input-multiple-out (MIMO) linear detection can achieve the maximum receive diversity of the maximum likelihood detection (MLD). By emloying the most commonly used Lenstra, Lenstra, and L. Lovasz (LLL)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-25 Keke Zu , Rodrigo C. de Lamare

Consider data transmission over a binary-input additive white Gaussian noise channel using a binary low-density parity-check code. We ask the following question: Given a decoder that takes log-likelihood ratios as input, does it help to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Jon Feldman , Ralf Koetter , Pascal O. Vontobel

Lattice reduction algorithms have numerous applications in number theory, algebra, as well as in cryptanalysis. The most famous algorithm for lattice reduction is the LLL algorithm. In polynomial time it computes a reduced basis with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-07-30 Felix Fontein , Michael Schneider , Urs Wagner
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