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Organizations increasingly adopt Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to enhance Large Language Models with enterprise-specific knowledge. However, current data quality (DQ) frameworks have been primarily developed for static datasets, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Leopold Müller , Joshua Holstein , Sarah Bause , Gerhard Satzger , Niklas Kühl

Asking questions about visual environments is a crucial way for intelligent agents to understand rich multi-faceted scenes, raising the importance of Visual Question Generation (VQG) systems. Apart from being grounded to the image, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Li Mi , Syrielle Montariol , Javiera Castillo-Navarro , Xianjie Dai , Antoine Bosselut , Devis Tuia

We consider the task of text generation in language models with constraints specified in natural language. To this end, we first create a challenging benchmark Cognac that provides as input to the model a topic with example text, along with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Howard Chen , Huihan Li , Danqi Chen , Karthik Narasimhan

We introduce a high-quality dataset that contains 3,397 samples comprising (i) multiple choice questions, (ii) answers (including distractors), and (iii) their source documents, from the educational domain. Each question is phrased in two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Amir Hadifar , Semere Kiros Bitew , Johannes Deleu , Chris Develder , Thomas Demeester

Conversational systems enable numerous valuable applications, and question-answering is an important component underlying many of these. However, conversational question-answering remains challenging due to the lack of realistic,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Jing Gu , Mostafa Mirshekari , Zhou Yu , Aaron Sisto

Automatic question generation (QG) is a useful yet challenging task in NLP. Recent neural network-based approaches represent the state-of-the-art in this task. In this work, we attempt to strengthen them significantly by adopting a holistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Vishwajeet Kumar , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Yuan-Fang Li

Readability refers to how easily a reader can understand a written text. Several factors affect the readability level, such as the complexity of the text, its subject matter, and the reader's background knowledge. Generating summaries based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Mohit Bansal , Markus Dreyer

Abductive reasoning in knowledge graphs aims to generate plausible logical hypotheses from observed entities, with broad applications in areas such as clinical diagnosis and scientific discovery. However, due to a lack of controllability, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yisen Gao , Jiaxin Bai , Tianshi Zheng , Qingyun Sun , Ziwei Zhang , Xingcheng Fu , Jianxin Li , Yangqiu Song

Question answering (QA) models for reading comprehension have been demonstrated to exploit unintended dataset biases such as question-context lexical overlap. This hinders QA models from generalizing to under-represented samples such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Kazutoshi Shinoda , Saku Sugawara , Akiko Aizawa

Recent advances in neural network-based generative modeling have reignited the hopes in having computer systems capable of seamlessly conversing with humans and able to understand natural language. Neural architectures have been employed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Cristina Garbacea , Qiaozhu Mei

In this paper, we propose a novel configurable framework to automatically generate distractive choices for open-domain cloze-style multiple-choice questions, which incorporates a general-purpose knowledge base to effectively create a small…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Siyu Ren , Kenny Q. Zhu

With the development of deep learning techniques and large scale datasets, the question answering (QA) systems have been quickly improved, providing more accurate and satisfying answers. However, current QA systems either focus on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Bingning Wang , Ting Yao , Weipeng Chen , Jingfang Xu , Xiaochuan Wang

Multi-hop Question Generation (QG) aims to generate answer-related questions by aggregating and reasoning over multiple scattered evidence from different paragraphs. It is a more challenging yet under-explored task compared to conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Dan Su , Yan Xu , Wenliang Dai , Ziwei Ji , Tiezheng Yu , Pascale Fung

Recent advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) have impacted numerous sub-fields such as natural language generation, natural language inference, question answering, and more. However, in the field of question generation, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Devrim Cavusoglu , Secil Sen , Ulas Sert

Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are widely used across diverse educational fields and levels. Well-designed MCQs should evaluate knowledge application in real-world situations. However, writing such test items in sufficient numbers is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Tetiana Krushynska , Jani Ursin , Ville Heilala

Automatic question generation (QG) is a challenging problem in natural language understanding. QG systems are typically built assuming access to a large number of training instances where each instance is a question and its corresponding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Vishwajeet Kumar , Nitish Joshi , Arijit Mukherjee , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Preethi Jyothi

Current end-to-end neural conversation models inherently lack the flexibility to impose semantic control in the response generation process, often resulting in uninteresting responses. Attempts to boost informativeness alone come at the…

Textual Question Answering (QA) aims to provide precise answers to user's questions in natural language using unstructured data. One of the most popular approaches to this goal is machine reading comprehension(MRC). In recent years, many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Yang Bai , Daisy Zhe Wang

Automatic question generation aims to generate questions from a text passage where the generated questions can be answered by certain sub-spans of the given passage. Traditional methods mainly use rigid heuristic rules to transform a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Qingyu Zhou , Nan Yang , Furu Wei , Chuanqi Tan , Hangbo Bao , Ming Zhou

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), Controllable Text Generation (CTG) has become a critical technology for enhancing system reliability and user experience. Addressing the limitations of traditional methods, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yan Zhuang , Yuan Sun