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Numerical simulations in modified gravity have commonly been performed under the quasi-static approximation -- that is, by neglecting the effect of time derivatives in the equation of motion of the scalar field that governs the fifth force…
This is a brief review of modified gravity cosmologies. Generically extensions of gravity action involve higher derivative terms, which can result in ghosts and instabilities. There are three ways to circumvent this: Chern-Simons terms,…
Over the past century, General Relativity (GR) has been a cornerstone of gravitational theory. However, recent cosmological observations, such as the accelerated expansion of the Universe, challenge its completeness and the standard…
It is shown that the decomposition theorems of York, Stewart and Walker for symmetric spatial second-rank tensors, such as the perturbed metric tensor and perturbed Ricci tensor, and the spatial fluid velocity vector imply that, for open,…
Extensions of Einstein's General Relativity (GR) can formally be given a GR structure in which additional geometric degrees of freedom are mapped on an effective energy-momentum tensor. The corresponding effective cosmic medium can then be…
In a class of non-singular cosmologies derived from higher-order corrections to the low-energy bosonic string action, we derive evolution equations for the most general cosmological scalar, vector and tensor perturbations. In the large…
Redshift-space distortions (RSD) offer an attractive method to measure the growth of cosmic structure on large scales, and combining with the measurement of the cosmic expansion history, it can be used as cosmological tests of gravity. With…
We investigate the cosmological applications of a bi-scalar modified gravity that exhibits partial conformal invariance, which could become full conformal invariance in the absence of the usual Einstein-Hilbert term and introducing…
Bimetric gravity is an interesting alternative to standard GR given its potential to provide a concrete theoretical framework for a ghost-free massive gravity theory. Here we investigate a class of Bimetric gravity models for their…
This paper is devoted to explore modified $f(\mathcal{R})$ theories of gravity using Noether symmetry approach. For this purpose, Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime is chosen to investigate the cosmic evolution. The study is mainly…
In the context of scalar tensor theories for gravity, there is a universally adopted hypothesis when running N-body simulations that time derivatives in the equation of motion for the scalar field are negligible. In this work we propose to…
We investigate the cosmological perturbations in generalized gravity, where the Ricci scalar and a scalar field are non-minimally coupled via an arbitrary function. In the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker background, by studying the…
A scalar-tensor theory of gravity is formulated in which $G$ and particle masses are allowed to vary. The theory yields a globally static cosmological model with no evolutionary timescales, no cosmological coincidences, and no flatness and…
Modified gravity theories often contain a scalar field of gravitational strength which interacts with matter. We examine constraints on the range and the coupling strength of a scalar gravitational degree of freedom using a subset of…
Future observations of the large-scale structure have the potential to investigate cosmological models with a high degree of complexity, including the properties of gravity on large scales, the presence of a complicated dark energy…
Emergent modified gravity has shown that the canonical formulation of general relativity gives rise to a larger class of covariant modifications than action-based approaches, so far in symmetry-reduced models. This outcome is made possible…
The standard paradigm of cosmology assumes General Relativity (GR) is a valid theory for gravity at scales in which it has not been properly tested. Developing novel tests of GR and its alternatives is crucial if we want to give strength to…
Scalar perturbations of Friedmann-Lemaitre cosmologies can be analyzed in a variety of ways using Einstein's field equations, the Ricci and Bianchi identities, or the conservation equations for the stress-energy tensor, and possibly…
Dynamical mass discrepancies in galaxies have two possible explanations: the existence of large amounts of dark matter or the breakdown of Newtonian gravity. True dark matter halos of galaxies could differ in several respects from apparent…
The role of an exponential function of the scalar curvature in the modified gravity is analyzed. Two models are proposed. A toy model that complies with local and cosmological constraints and gives appropriate qualitative description of the…