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This paper presents an open-source kernel-level heterogeneous memory characterization framework (MemScope) for embedded systems. MemScope enables precise characterization of the temporal behavior of available memory modules under…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Golsana Ghaemi , Gabriel Franco , Kazem Taram , Renato Mancuso

Large-scale machine learning workloads increasingly rely on multi-GPU systems, yet their performance is often limited by an overlooked component: the CPU. Through a detailed study of modern large language model (LLM) inference and serving…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Euijun Chung , Yuxiao Jia , Aaron Jezghani , Hyesoon Kim

The increasing demand of dedicated accelerators to improve energy efficiency and performance has highlighted FPGAs as a promising option to deliver both. However, programming FPGAs in hardware description languages requires long time and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Maria A. Dávila-Guzmán , Rubén Gran Tejero , María Villarroya-Gaudó , Darío Suárez Gracia

The growing memory footprints of cloud and big data applications mean that data center CPUs can spend significant time waiting for memory. An attractive approach to improving performance in such centralized compute settings is to employ…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Karthik Sankaranarayanan , Chit-Kwan Lin , Gautham Chinya

Although modern supercomputers are composed of multicore machines, one can find scientists that still execute their legacy applications which were developed to monocore cluster where memory hierarchy is dedicated to a sole core. The main…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-10-31 Alexandre Sena , Aline Nascimento , Cristina Boeres , Vinod E. F. Rebello , André Bulcão

Large number of cores and hardware resource sharing are two characteristics on multicore processors, which bring new challenges for the design of operating systems. How to locate and analyze the speedup restrictive factors in operating…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2015-12-23 Yan Cui

Efficiency in instruction fetching is critical to performance, and this requires the primary structures--L1 instruction caches (L1i), branch target buffers (BTB) and instruction TLBs (iTLB)--to have the requisite information when needed.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Shyam Murthy , Gurindar S. Sohi

We describe a model that enables us to analyze the running time of an algorithm in a computer with a memory hierarchy with limited associativity, in terms of various cache parameters. Our model, an extension of Aggarwal and Vitter's I/O…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Sandeep Sen , Siddhartha Chatterjee , Neeraj Dumir

GPUs have become indispensable in high-performance computing, machine learning, and many other domains. Efficiently utilizing the memory subsystem on GPUs is critical for maximizing computing power through massive parallelism. Analyzing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yanbo Zhao , Jinku Cui , Zecheng Li , Shuyin Jiao , Xu Liu , Jiajia Li

The aim of parallel computing is to increase an application performance by executing the application on multiple processors. OpenMP is an API that supports multi platform shared memory programming model and shared-memory programs are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-11-12 Vibha Rajput , Alok Katiyar

The evolution of distributed architectures and programming paradigms for performance-oriented program development, challenge the state-of-the-art technology for performance tools. The area of high performance computing is rapidly expanding…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2010-06-15 Ajanta De Sarkar , Nandini Mukherjee

Cutting-edge embedded system applications, such as self-driving cars and unmanned drone software, are reliant on integrated CPU/GPU platforms for their DNNs-driven workload, such as perception and other highly parallel components. In this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Soroush Bateni , Zhendong Wang , Yuankun Zhu , Yang Hu , Cong Liu

Developing parallel algorithms efficiently requires careful management of concurrency across diverse hardware architectures. C++ executors provide a standardized interface that simplifies the development process, allowing developers to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Karame Mohammadiporshokooh , Steven R. Brandt , Hartmut Kaiser

Graphics processing units (GPU) had evolved from a specialized hardware capable to render high quality graphics in games to a commodity hardware for effective processing blocks of data in a parallel schema. This evolution is particularly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2012-03-26 Luis Cabellos

Can cloud computing infrastructures provide HPC-competitive performance for scientific applications broadly? Despite prolific related literature, this question remains open. Answers are crucial for designing future systems and democratizing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Giulia Guidi , Marquita Ellis , Aydin Buluc , Katherine Yelick , David Culler

Countless applications cast their computational core in terms of dense linear algebra operations. These operations can usually be implemented by combining the routines offered by standard linear algebra libraries such as BLAS and LAPACK,…

Performance · Computer Science 2014-10-01 Elmar Peise , Paolo Bientinesi

The vast majority of high-performance embedded systems implement multi-level CPU cache hierarchies. But the exact behavior of these CPU caches has historically been opaque to system designers. Absent expensive hardware debuggers, an…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Dharmesh Tarapore , Shahin Roozkhosh , Steven Brzozowski , Renato Mancuso

We present a method for characterizing the performance of noisy quantum processors using discrete time crystals. Deviations from ideal persistent oscillatory behavior give rise to numerical scores by which relative quantum processor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-19 Victoria Zhang , Paul D. Nation

Contemporary memory systems contain a variety of memory types, each possessing distinct characteristics. This trend empowers applications to opt for memory types aligning with developer's desired behavior. As a result, developers gain…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Andrès Rubio Proaño , Kento Sato

The assumption of maximum parallelism support for the successful realization of scalable quantum computers has led to homogeneous, ``sea-of-qubits'' architectures. The resulting architectures overcome the primary challenges of reliability…