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Rectangular real $N \times (N + \nu)$ matrices $W$ with a Gaussian distribution appear very frequently in data analysis, condensed matter physics and quantum field theory. A central question concerns the correlations encoded in the spectral…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-10 G. Akemann , T. Guhr , M. Kieburg , R. Wegner , T. Wirtz

The numerical range of a non-normal matrix plays a central role as a descriptor of non-normal effects beyond spectral information. We study a class of fundamental non-Hermitian random matrix ensembles that interpolate between the Hermitian…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Sung-Soo Byun , Joo Young Park

Random matrices from the elliptic Ginibre orthogonal ensemble (GinOE) are a certain linear combination of a real symmetric, and real anti-symmetric, real Gaussian random matrices and controlled by a parameter $\tau$. Our interest is in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-17 Peter J. Forrester

There are some distinguished ensembles of non-Hermitian random matrices for which the joint PDF can be written down explicitly, is unchanged by rotations, and furthermore which have the property that the eigenvalues form a Pfaffian point…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-30 Peter J. Forrester

The Ginibre ensemble of complex random Hamiltonian matrices $H$ is considered. Each quantum system described by $H$ is a dissipative system and the eigenenergies $Z_{i}$ of the Hamiltonian are complex-valued random variables. For generic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Maciej M. Duras

We compute statistical distributions of individual low-lying eigenvalues of random matrix ensembles interpolating chiral Gaussian symplectic and unitary ensembles. To this aim we use the Nystrom-type discretization of Fredholm Pfaffians and…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-04-02 Shinsuke M. Nishigaki , Takuya Yamamoto

Non-Hermitian random matrices with statistical spectral characteristics beyond the standard Ginibre ensembles have recently emerged in the description of dissipative quantum many-body systems as well as in non-ergodic wave transport in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Gernot Akemann , Yan V. Fyodorov , Dmitry V. Savin

We study non-Hermitian random matrices belonging to the symmetry classes of the complex and symplectic Ginibre ensemble, and present a unifying and systematic framework for analysing mixed spectral moments involving both holomorphic and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Gernot Akemann , Sung-Soo Byun , Seungjoon Oh

Let $X$ be a random matrix whose squared singular value density is a polynomial ensemble. We derive double contour integral formulas for the correlation kernels of the squared singular values of $GX$ and $TX$, where $G$ is a complex Ginibre…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-22 Tom Claeys , Arno B. J. Kuijlaars , Dong Wang

In this paper, we study the singularly perturbed Gaussian unitary ensembles defined by the measure \begin{equation*} \frac{1}{C_n} e^{- n\textrm{tr}\, V(M;\lambda,\vec{t}\;)}dM, \end{equation*} over the space of $n \times n$ Hermitian…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Dan Dai , Shuai-Xia Xu , Lun Zhang

In this paper, we investigate extreme singular values of the analysis matrix of a Gabor frame $(g, \Lambda)$ with a random window $g$. Columns of such matrices are time and frequency shifts of $g$, and $\Lambda\subset…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-05 Palina Salanevich

We show that non-Hermitian Ginibre random matrix behaviors emerge in spatially-extended many-body quantum chaotic systems in the space direction, just as Hermitian random matrix behaviors emerge in chaotic systems in the time direction.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-04-11 Saumya Shivam , Andrea De Luca , David A. Huse , Amos Chan

We use a matrix central-limit theorem which makes the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble appear as a limit of the Laguerre Unitary Ensemble together with an observation due to Johansson in order to derive new representations for the eigenvalues of…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Yan Doumerc

A quantum integrable spin chain model associated with the $G_2$ exceptional Lie algebra is studied. By using the fusion technique, the closed recursive relations among the fused transfer matrices are obtained. These identities allow us to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-12-18 Guang-Liang Li , Junpeng Cao , Pei Sun , Wen-Li Yang , Kangjie Shi , Yupeng Wang

Non-Hermitian random matrices provide a useful framework for understanding universal characteristics of dissipative quantum chaotic systems with loss or gain. We consider a model of two such system represented by two independent $N\times N$…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Margherita Disertori , Yan V. Fyodorov

We study the least singular value of the $n\times n$ matrix $H-z$ with $H=A_0+H_0$, where $H_0$ is drawn from the complex Ginibre ensemble of matrices with iid Gaussian entries, and $A_0$ is some general $n\times n$ matrix with complex…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-10-19 Mariya Shcherbina , Tatyana Shcherbina

We consider matrices formed by a random $N\times N$ matrix drawn from the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (or Gaussian Unitary Ensemble) plus a rank-one perturbation of strength $\theta$, and focus on the largest eigenvalue, $x$, and the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-04 Giulio Biroli , Alice Guionnet

We compute the gap probability that a circle of radius r around the origin contains exactly k complex eigenvalues. Four different ensembles of random matrices are considered: the Ginibre ensembles and their chiral complex counterparts, with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 G. Akemann , M. J. Phillips , L. Shifrin

The distribution of the largest eigenvalue for the three classical unitary ensembles -- GUE, LUE, and JUE -- admits two complementary exact descriptions: (i) as Fredholm determinants of their orthogonal polynomial correlation kernels and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Haonan Gu

In this paper, we first briefly review some recent results on the distribution of the maximal eigenvalue of a $(N\times N)$ random matrix drawn from Gaussian ensembles. Next we focus on the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) and by suitably…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-05-30 Celine Nadal , Satya N. Majumdar