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Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables the generation of secure keys between two distant users. Security proof of QKD against general coherent attacks is challenging, while the one against collective attacks is much easier. As an effective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-01 Yang-Guang Shan , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Shuang Wang , Wei Chen , De-Yong He , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

The basic principle of quantum mechanics guarantee the unconditional security of quantum key distribution (QKD) at the cost of inability of amplification of quantum state. As a result, despite remarkable progress in worldwide metropolitan…

Implementation of a twin-field quantum key distribution network faces limitations, including the low tolerance of interference errors for phase-matching type protocols and the strict constraint regarding intensity and probability for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 Yuan-Mei Xie , Chen-Xun Weng , Yu-Shuo Lu , Yao Fu , Yang Wang , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Long-distance quantum key distribution (QKD) has long time seriously relied on trusted relay or quantum repeater, which either has security threat or is far from practical implementation. Recently, a solution called twin-field (TF) QKD and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-21 Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum key distribution (QKD) stands as a pioneering method for establishing information-theoretically secure communication channels by utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics. In the security proof of QKD, the phase error rate…

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TFQKD), using single-photon-type interference, offers a way to exceed the rate-distance limit without quantum repeaters. However, it still suffers from the photon losses and dark counts, which impose an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-09 Bing-Hong Li , Yuan-Mei Xie , Zhao Li , Chen-Xun Weng , Chen-Long Li , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Secure key rate (SKR) of point-point quantum key distribution (QKD) is fundamentally bounded by the rate-loss limit. Recent breakthrough of twin-field (TF) QKD can overcome this limit and enables long distance quantum communication, but its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 Lai Zhou , Jinping Lin , Yuan-Mei Xie , Yu-Shuo Lu , Yumang Jing , Hua-Lei Yin , Zhiliang Yuan

Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution (TF-QKD) enables two distant parties to establish a shared secret key, by interfering weak coherent pulses (WCPs) in an intermediate measuring station. This allows TF-QKD to reach greater distances than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-08 Giacomo Carrara , Gláucia Murta , Federico Grasselli

Quantum cryptography is now considered as a promising technology due to its promise of unconditional security. In recent years, rigorous work is being done for the experimental realization of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-02 Satish Kumar , Priya Malpani , Britant , Sandeep Mishra , Anirban Pathak

Two time-reversal quantum key distribution (QKD) schemes are the quantum entanglement based device-independent (DI)-QKD and measurement-device-independent (MDI)-QKD. The recently proposed twin field (TF)-QKD, also known as phase-matching…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-01 Wei Li , Le Wang , Shengmei Zhao

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a key application in quantum communication, enabling secure key exchange between parties using quantum states. Twin-field (TF) QKD offers a promising solution that surpasses the repeaterless limits, and its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-28 Chunfeng Huang , Rui Guan , Xin Liu , Wenjie He , Shizhuo Li , Hao Liang , Ziyang Luo , Zhenrong Zhang , Wei Li , Kejin Wei

The ultimate aim of quantum key distribution (QKD) is improving the performance of transmission distance and key generation speed. Unfortunately, it is believed to be limited by the secret-key capacity of quantum channel without quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-22 Hua-Lei Yin , Yao Fu

Mode-pairing quantum key distribution (MP-QKD) is a potential protocol that is not only immune to all possible detector side channel attacks, but also breaks the repeaterless rate-transmittance bound without needing global phase locking.…

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) promises ultra-long secure key distribution which surpasses the rate distance limit and can reduce the number of the trusted nodes in long-haul quantum network. Tremendous efforts have been made…

Quantum key distribution -- the establishment of information-theoretically secure keys based on quantum physics -- is mainly limited by its practical performance, which is characterised by the dependence of the key rate on the channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Pei Zeng , Hongyi Zhou , Weijie Wu , Xiongfeng Ma

Based on the novel idea of twin-field quantum key distribution, we present a sending-or-not-sending twin-field fault tolerant quantum key distribution protocol. Our protocol can access a secure distance longer than 700 km even though the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-26 Xiang-Bin Wang , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiao-Long Hu

Channel loss seems to be the most severe limitation on the practical application of long distance quantum key distribution. The idea of twin-field quantum key distribution can improve the key rate from the linear scale of channel loss in…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) aims to generate secure private keys shared by two remote parties. With its security being protected by principles of quantum mechanics, some technology challenges remain towards practical application of QKD.…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) serves as a cornerstone of secure quantum communication, providing unconditional security grounded in quantum mechanics. While trusted-node networks have facilitated early QKD deployment, their vulnerability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-10 Jingyang Liu , Xingyu Zhou , Huajian Ding , Jiaxin Xu , Chunhui Zhang , Jian Li , Qin Wang

Twin Field Quantum key Distribution (TFQKD) has attracted recent interest due to the higher secret key capacity better than the fundamental repeaterless limit and extending the achievable distance. The key generation in TFQKD is based on…

Optics · Physics 2024-09-06 Ishan Pandey , Varun Raghunathan