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In this article, we give a framework for studying the Euler characteristic and its categorification of objects across several areas of geometry, topology and combinatorics. That is, the magnitude theory of filtered sets enriched categories.…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Yasuhiko Asao

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of enriched categories, including in particular metric spaces as $[0,\infty)$-enriched categories. We show that in many cases magnitude can be categorified to a homology theory for enriched categories,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-11-10 Tom Leinster , Michael Shulman

This paper studies the magnitude homology of graphs focusing mainly on the relationship between its diagonality and the girth. Magnitude and magnitude homology are formulations of the Euler characteristic and the corresponding homology,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-02-10 Yasuhiko Asao , Yasuaki Hiraoka , Shu Kanazawa

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of metric spaces and graphs, analogous, in a precise sense, to Euler characteristic. Magnitude homology is an algebraic invariant constructed to categorify magnitude. Among the important features of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-11 Emily Roff

Magnitude homology is an emerging framework that captures the intrinsic topological and geometric features of metric spaces, demonstrating significant potential for topoplogical data analysis and geometric data analysis. This work…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Wanying Bi , Hongsong Feng , Jingyan Li , Jie Wu

The magnitude of a graph can be thought of as an integer power series associated to a graph; Leinster introduced it using his idea of magnitude of a metric space. Here we introduce a bigraded homology theory for graphs which has the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-13 Richard Hepworth , Simon Willerton

Magnitude is a real-valued invariant of metric spaces, analogous to the Euler characteristic of topological spaces and the cardinality of sets. The definition of magnitude is a special case of a general categorical definition that clarifies…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Tom Leinster

Magnitude, obtained as a special case of Euler characteristic of enriched category, represents a sense of the size of metric spaces and is related to classical notions such as cardinality, dimension, and volume. While the studies have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-16 Byungchang So

The magnitude homology, introduced by R. Hepworth and S. Willerton, offers a topological invariant that enables the study of graph properties. Hypergraphs, being a generalization of graphs, serve as popular mathematical models for data with…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Wanying Bi , Jingyan Li , Jie Wu

Magnitude homology is a bigraded homology theory for finite graphs defined by Hepworth and Willerton, categorifying the power series invariant known as magnitude which was introduced by Leinster. We analyze the structure and implications of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Radmila Sazdanovic , Victor Summers

Magnitude homology is an invariant of enriched categories which generalizes ordinary categorical homology -- the homology of the classifying space of a small category. The classifying space can also be generalized in a different direction:…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-03-27 Emily Roff

Magnitude homology of graphs is introduced by Hepworth and Willerton in arXiv:1505.04125 . Magnitude homology of arbitrary metric spaces by Leinster and Shulman in arXiv:1711.00802v2 . We verify that the K\"unneth and Mayer-Vietoris…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Rémi Bottinelli , Tom Kaiser

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of finite metric spaces, recently introduced by T. Leinster, which is analogous in precise senses to the cardinality of finite sets or the Euler characteristic of topological spaces. It has been extended…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2013-08-27 Mark W. Meckes

Magnitude homology is an $\mathbf{R}^+$-graded homology theory of metric spaces that captures information on the complexity of geodesics. Here we address the question: when are two metric spaces magnitude homology equivalent, in the sense…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Adrián Doña Mateo , Tom Leinster

Magnitude homology was introduced by Hepworth and Willerton in the case of graphs, and was later extended by Leinster and Shulman to metric spaces and enriched categories. Here we introduce the dual theory, magnitude cohomology, which we…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-04-25 Richard Hepworth

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of metric spaces introduced by Leinster, motivated by considerations from category theory. This paper extends the original definition for finite spaces to compact spaces, in an equivalent but more natural…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-07-22 Mark W. Meckes

We define and study the magnitude and magnitude homology of a real hyperplane arrangement by regarding its tope graph as a metric space. We prove several structural results for the magnitude of arrangements, including a symmetry formula,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Junnosuke Koizumi , Ye Liu

Magnitude is a numerical isometric invariant of metric spaces, whose definition arises from a precise analogy between categories and metric spaces. Despite this exotic provenance, magnitude turns out to encode many invariants from integral…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2017-09-05 Tom Leinster , Mark W. Meckes

The magnitude of a graph is one of a family of cardinality-like invariants extending across mathematics; it is a cousin to Euler characteristic and geometric measure. Among its cardinality-like properties are multiplicativity with respect…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Tom Leinster

Magnitude is an isometric invariant for metric spaces that was introduced by Leinster around 2010, and is currently the object of intense research, since it has been shown to encode many known invariants of metric spaces. In recent work,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Miguel O'Malley , Sara Kalisnik , Nina Otter
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