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Dynamic network flows, sometimes called flows over time, extend the notion of network flows to include a transit time for each edge. While Ford and Fulkerson showed that certain dynamic flow problems can be solved via a reduction to static…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Thomas Bläsius , Adrian Feilhauer , Jannik Westenfelder

Flows over time have received substantial attention from both an optimization and (more recently) a game-theoretic perspective. In this model, each arc has an associated delay for traversing the arc, and a bound on the rate of flow entering…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Dario Frascaria , Neil Olver

We study dynamic network flows and introduce a notion of instantaneous dynamic equilibrium (IDE) requiring that for any positive inflow into an edge, this edge must lie on a currently shortest path towards the respective sink. We measure…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Lukas Graf , Tobias Harks , Leon Sering

We consider a dynamic model of traffic that has received a lot of attention in the past few years. Infinitesimally small agents aim to travel from a source to a destination as quickly as possible. Flow patterns vary over time, and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Neil Olver , Leon Sering , Laura Vargas Koch

Different populations of vehicles travel along a network. Each population has its origin, destination and travel costs - which may well be unbounded. Under the only requirement of the continuity of the travel costs, we prove the existence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Rinaldo M. Colombo , Luca Giuzzi , Francesca Marcellini

Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is an enhancement of Ethernet which provides various mechanisms for real-time communication. Time-triggered (TT) traffic represents periodic data streams with strict real-time requirements. Amongst others,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Thomas Stüber , Lukas Osswald , Steffen Lindner , Michael Menth

Flow prediction (e.g., crowd flow, traffic flow) with features of spatial-temporal is increasingly investigated in AI research field. It is very challenging due to the complicated spatial dependencies between different locations and dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Haoxing Lin , Weijia Jia , Yiping Sun , Yongjian You

Flows over time generalize classical network flows by introducing a notion of time. Each arc is equipped with a transit time that specifies how long flow takes to traverse it, while flow rates may vary over time within the given edge…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-11-13 Jan-Philipp W. Kappmeier , Jannik Matuschke , Britta Peis

In this paper we study flow problems on temporal networks, where edge capacities and travel times change over time. We consider a network with $n$ nodes and $m$ edges where the capacity and length of each edge is a piecewise constant…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Kristin Sheridan , Shuchi Chawla

Complex systems often have features that can be modeled by advanced mathematical tools [1]. Of special interests are the features of complex systems that have a network structure as such systems are important for modeling technological and…

Classical Physics · Physics 2019-06-13 Nikolay K. Vitanov , Kaloyan N. Vitanov , Zlatinka I. Dimitrova

Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) serves as a one-size-fits-all solution for mixed-criticality communication, in which flow scheduling is vital to guarantee real-time transmissions. Traditional approaches statically assign priorities to flows…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Miao Guo , Yifei Sun , Chaojie Gu , Shibo He , Zhiguo Shi

This paper presents a Wasserstein attraction approach for solving dynamic mass transport problems over networks. In the transport problem over networks, we start with a distribution over the set of nodes that needs to be "transported" to a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-28 Ferran Arqué , César A. Uribe , Carlos Ocampo-Martinez

Modern continuous-time generative models typically induce \emph{V-shaped} flows: each sample travels independently along a nearly straight trajectory from the prior to the data. Although effective, this independent movement overlooks the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Arip Asadulaev , Semyon Semenov , Abduragim Shtanchaev , Eric Moulines , Fakhri Karray , Martin Takac

Optimizing traffic flow is essential for easing congestion. However, even when globally-optimal, coordinated and individualized routes are provided, users may choose alternative routes which offer lower individual costs. By analyzing the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-02-17 Ho Fai Po , Chi Ho Yeung , David Saad

In 2010s Fleiner introduced a notion of stable flows in directed networks and showed that such a flow always exists and can be found by use of a reduction to the stable allocation problem due to Baiou and Balinski. Recently Cseh and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-17 Alexander Karzanov

The tandem fluid queueing model is a useful tool for performance analysis and control design for a variety of transportation systems. In this article, we study the joint impact of stochastic capacity and spillback on the long-time…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-07 Li Jin , Saurabh Amin

Mobility-on-demand (MoD) systems represent a rapidly developing mode of transportation wherein travel requests are dynamically handled by a coordinated fleet of vehicles. Crucially, the efficiency of an MoD system highly depends on how well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-05 Daniele Gammelli , Filipe Rodrigues

We study the scheduling of flows on a switch with the goal of optimizing metrics related to the response time of the flows. The input to the problem is a sequence of flow requests on a switch, where the switch is represented by a bipartite…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Hamidreza Jahanjou , Rajmohan Rajaraman , David Stalfa

Flows over time are used to model many real-world logistic and routing problems. The networks underlying such problems -- streets, tracks, etc. -- are inherently undirected and directions are only imposed on them to reduce the danger of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-10-03 Ashwin Arulselvan , Martin Groß , Martin Skutella

Flow networks have attracted a lot of research in computer science. Indeed, many questions in numerous application areas can be reduced to questions about flow networks. Many of these applications would benefit from a framework in which one…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Orna Kupferman , Gal Vardi