English
Related papers

Related papers: $7x\pm1$: Close Relative of Collatz Problem

200 papers

Given a map f:Z-->Z and an initial argument alpha, we can iterate the map to get a finite set of iterates modulo a prime p. In particular, for a quadratic map f(z)=z^2 +c, c constant, work by Pollard suggests that this set should have…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-01-26 William Worden

We study a parametric family of piecewise rotations of the torus, in the limit in which the rotation number approaches the rational value 1/4. There is a region of positive measure where the discontinuity set becomes dense in the limit; we…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-05-14 John H. Lowenstein , Franco Vivaldi

We study the characteristic function and moments of the integer-valued random variable $\lfloor X+\alpha\rfloor$, where $X$ is a continuous random variables. The results can be regarded as exact versions of Sheppard's correction. Rounded…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Svante Janson

In this article, we study the pointwise asymptotic behavior of iterated convolutions on the one dimensional lattice Z. We generalize the so-called local limit theorem in probability theory to complex valued sequences. A sharp rate of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-25 Lucas Coeuret

We define the notion of infinite friezes of positive integers as a variation of Conway-Coxeter frieze patterns and study their properties. We introduce useful gluing and cutting operations on infinite friezes. It turns out that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-04 Manuela Tschabold

The $3x+1$ Conjecture asserts that the $T$-orbit of every positive integer $x$ contains $1$, where $T$ maps $x$ to $x/2$ for $x$ even and to $(3x+1)/2$ for $x$ odd. Several authors have studied the analogous map, $T_q$, which maps $x\in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Kenneth G. Monks

The square lattice with central forces between nearest neighbors is isostatic with a subextensive number of floppy modes. It can be made rigid by the random addition of next-nearest neighbor bonds. This constitutes a rigidity percolation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-12-06 Wouter G. Ellenbroek , Xiaoming Mao

The Collatz map (or the $3n{+}1$-map) $f$ is defined on positive integers by setting $f(n)$ equal to $3n+1$ when $n$ is odd and $n/2$ when $n$ is even. The Collatz conjecture states that starting from any positive integer $n$, some iterate…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Takehiko Mori

We study the functorial and growth properties of closed orbits for maps. By viewing an arbitrary sequence as the orbit-counting function for a map, iterates and Cartesian products of maps define new transformations between integer…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-22 Apisit Pakapongpun , Thomas Ward

Let g : $\Omega$ = [0, 1] d $\rightarrow$ R denote a Lipschitz function that can be evaluated at each point, but at the price of a heavy computational time. Let X stand for a random variable with values in $\Omega$ such that one is able to…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-29 Lucie Bernard , Albert Cohen , Arnaud Guyader , Florent Malrieu

We study a certain class of arithmetic functions that appeared in Klurman's classification of $\pm 1$ multiplicative functions with bounded partial sums, c.f., Comp. Math. 153 (8), 2017, pp. 1622-1657. These functions are periodic and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Marco Aymone , Gopal Maiti , Olivier Ramaré , Priyamvad Srivastav

In this paper we prove, under mild conditions, that the positive definiteness of the circulant matrix appearing in the circulant embedding method is always guaranteed, provided the enclosing cube is sufficiently large. We examine in detail…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-03-21 Ivan G. Graham , Frances Y. Kuo , Dirk Nuyens , Rob Scheichl , Ian H. Sloan

In a previous article, we reduced the unsolved problem of the convergence of Collatz sequences, to convergence of Collatz sequences of odd numbers, that are divisible by 3. In this article, we further reduce this set to odd numbers that are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Maya Mohsin Ahmed

In this paper we prove that all irrational numbers from totally real cubic number fields are well approximable by rationals (i.e. the partial quotients in the continued fraction expansion of such a number are unbounded). This settles the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-24 Alan Haynes

The Rattleback is a very popular science toy shown to students all over the world to demonstrate the non-triviality of rotational motion. When spun on a horizontal table, this boat-shaped object behaves in a peculiar way. Although the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 Lasse Franti

The $3x+1$ Problem asks if whether for every natural number $n$, there exists a finite number of iterations of the piecewise function $$f(2n)=n, \quad f(2n-1)=6n-2, $$ with an iterate equal to the number $1$, or in other words, every…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-14 Jeffrey R. Goodwin

The Collatz problem is related to the fixed point problem, and is widely used in mathematics. It has attracted a wide range of math enthusiasts, but is still difficult to solve. So, this article aimed to study the extension of the Collatz…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Sensen Chen , Qing-You Sun , Yushu Zhu

Prime numbers appeared in contexts spanning statistical mechanics, quantum mechanics and dynamical systems. However, the mechanisms governing the irregularities observed in their sequence and linking them to physical systems remained…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-19 Marzena Ciszak

We set up a method for a recursive calculation of the effective potential which is applied to a cubic potential with imaginary coupling. The result is resummed using variational perturbation theory (VPT), yielding an exponentially fast…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-06 Sebastian F. Brandt , Hagen Kleinert , Axel Pelster

We study the function $(1 - \|x\|)\slash (1 - \|x\|^r),$ and its reciprocal, on the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^n,$ with respect to properties like being positive definite, conditionally positive definite, and infinitely divisible.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-09-29 Rajendra Bhatia , Tanvi Jain