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Related papers: $7x\pm1$: Close Relative of Collatz Problem

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We intend to contribute to the Collatz dynamics problem by seeking to analyze the Collatz conjecture from the tree of numbers sequences. First, we show numerically that the distribution of odd numbers has an initial transient, and proceeds…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-05-26 Eduardo M. K. Souza

The \textit{Collatz's conjecture} is an unsolved problem in mathematics. It is named after Lothar Collatz in 1973. The conjecture also known as Syrucuse conjecture or problem. Take any positive integer $ n $. If $ n $ is even then divide it…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-02-12 Farzali Izadi

Sequence of numbers generated by the recurrence relation based on the Collatz conjecture is investigated. An arithmetic operation on the Collatz conjecture is called descending operation, and ascending operation is carried out reversely to…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-11-22 Kyo Jin Ihn

The Collatz conjecture is one of the easiest mathematical problems to state and yet it remains unsolved. For each $n\ge 2$ the Collatz iteration is mapped to a binary sequence and a corresponding unique integer which can recreate the…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-01-04 George M. Georgiou

For a long time, Collatz Conjecture has been assumed to be true, although a formal proof has eluded all efforts to date. In this article, evidence is presented that suggests such an assumption is incorrect. By analysing the stopping times…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-08-30 Juan A. Perez

The document tries to put focus on sequences with certain properties and periods leading to the first value smaller than the starting value in the Collatz problem. With the idea that, if all starting numbers lead ultimately to a smaller…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-02-14 J. Stöckl

We study the iterative algorithm proposed by S. Armstrong, A. Hannukainen, T. Kuusi, J.-C. Mourrat to solve elliptic equations in divergence form with stochastic stationary coefficients. Such equations display rapidly oscillating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-22 Chenlin Gu

In this article, we define a very important sequence of functions, all the functions of this sequence present behaviors very close to that of the Collatz function. The study of such functions allows us to obtain very interesting results…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Raouf Rajab

We study a class of maps having the Collatz function (famously related to the Collatz Conjecture) as an example, under the topological and ergodic perspectives, including an approach with thermodynamic formalism. By introducing a key…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Eduardo Santana

The restricted planar elliptic three body problem models the motion of a massless body under the Newtonian gravitational force of the two other bodies, the primaries, which evolve in Keplerian ellipses. A trajectory is called oscillatory if…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-08-08 Marcel Guardia , Pau Martín , Lara Sabbagh , Tere M. Seara

In the paper, from the point of view of recurrent numbers of the Jacobsthal type, the Collatz problem with the general aq+-1 function of conjecture odd positive integers q from the set of natural numbers is investigated. Formulated…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-08-08 Petro Kosobutskyy

Taking a new approach towards analyzing the Collatz Problem, or, 3x+1 conjecture. Introducing some new functions, the Collatz-2 and Collatz-3 sequences, as well as deducing results related to Collatz-2 and Collatz-3 sequences.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2008-04-24 Roupam Ghosh

We introduce a full binary directed tree structure to represent the set of natural numbers, further categorizing them into three distinct subsets: pure odd numbers, pure even numbers, and mixed numbers. We adopt a binary string…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-06-12 Jishe Feng

We introduce a new iterative method for computing solutions of elliptic equations with random rapidly oscillating coefficients. Similarly to a multigrid method, each step of the iteration involves different computations meant to address…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-31 S. Armstrong , A. Hannukainen , T. Kuusi , J. -C. Mourrat

The counting function for the numbers satisfying the Collatz conjecture is studied. A related exponential congruence equation is investigated, yielding a method to construct its solutions from free variables, and enabling us to find at…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-12-18 Chunlei Liu

Motivated by a recent work of Tr\"umper we consider the general Collatz word (up-down pattern) and the sequences following this pattern. The recurrences for the first and last sequence entries are given, obtained from repeated application…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-04 Wolfdieter Lang

In this work, we introduce another extension U of the 3n+1 function to the real line. We propose a conjecture about the U-trajectories that generalizes the famous 3n+1 (or Collatz) conjecture. We then prove our main result about the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Pavlos B. Konstadinidis

We introduce a fixed point iteration process built on optimization of a linear function over a compact domain. We prove the process always converges to a fixed point and explore the set of fixed points in various convex sets. In particular,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Pedro Felzenszwalb , Caroline Klivans , Alice Paul

A new mathematical notation is proposed for the iteration of functions. It facilitates the application of the iteration of functions in mathematical and logical expressions, definitions of sets, and formulations of algorithms. Illustrations…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-07-03 Valerii Salov

Define $\theta(x)=(x-1)/3$ if $x\geq 1$, and $\theta(x)=2x/(1-x)$ if $x<1$. We conjecture that the orbit of every positive rational number ends in 0. In particular, there does not exist any positive rational fixed point for a map in the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-10-19 Mohammad Javaheri