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Strong-field enhanced ionization (EI) is a phenomenon in which stretching of interatomic bonds into a distorted molecular geometry leads to an increase in the tunneling ionization rate driven by a strong field. Isolating the momentum…

The ionization of H2 in intense laser pulses is studied by numerical integration of the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation for a single-active-electron model including the vibrational motion. The electron kinetic-energy spectra in…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Stefan Pieper , Manfred Lein

Single ionization of H$_2$ molecules exposed to strong and short laser pulses is investigated by a semi-classical method. Three laser characteristics are considered: i) The carrier-wave frequency corresponds to wavelengths covering and…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Jean-Nicolas Vigneau , O. Atabek , Thanh-Tung Nguyen-Dang , Eric Charron

We theoretically study dissociative ionization of H$_2^+$ exposed to strong linearly polarized few-cycle visible, near-infrared and midinfrared laser pulses. We find rich energy-sharing structures in the combined electron and nuclear…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-03-15 Lun Yue , Lars Bojer Madsen

Polyatomic molecules in strong laser fields can undergo substantial nuclear motion within tens of femtoseconds. Ion imaging methods based on dissociation or Coulomb explosion therefore have difficulty faithfully recording the geometry…

We report the breakdown of the electric dipole approximation in the long-wavelength limit in strong-field ionization with linearly polarized few-cycle mid-infrared laser pulses at intensities on the order of 10$^{13}$ W/cm$^2$.…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2014-12-16 A. Ludwig , J. Maurer , B. W. Mayer , C. R. Phillips , L. Gallmann , U. Keller

We study the breakup of $\text{H}_2^+$ exposed to super-intense, femtosecond laser pulses with frequencies greater than that corresponding to the ionization potential. By solving the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation in an extensive…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-04-12 Lun Yue , Lars Bojer Madsen

Double ionization in intense laser fields can comprise electron correlations, which manifest in the non-independent emission of two electrons from an atom or molecule. However, experimental methods that directly access the electron emission…

We review the semiclassical two-step model for strong-field ionization. The semiclassical two-step model describes quantum interference and accounts for the ionic potential beyond the semiclassical perturbation theory. We discuss…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-05-05 N. I. Shvetsov-Shilovski

We present an efficient method for modeling the single and double ionization dynamics of the H$_2$ molecule in ultrashort intense laser fields. This method is based on a semi-analytical approach to calculate the time-dependent single and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Jean-Nicolas Vigneau , Thanh-Tung Nguyen Dang , Eric Charron

The ionization of two-active-electron systems by intense laser fields is investigated theoretically. In comparison with time-dependent Hartree-Fock and exact two electron simulation, we show that the ionization rate is overestimated in SAE…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Zengxiu Zhao , Jianmin Yuan

Strong-field ionization of atoms by circularly polarized femtosecond laser pulses produces a donut-shaped electron momentum distribution. Within the dipole approximation this distribution is symmetric with respect to the polarization plane.…

We investigate the photoionization dynamics of atoms subjected to intense, ultrashort laser pulses through the use of quantum trajectories. This method provides a unique and consistent framework for examining electron dynamics within a…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-08-01 Taylor Moon , Klaus Bartschat , Nicolas Douguet

We report on a kinematically complete experiment on strong field double ionization of helium using laser pulses with a wavelength of 394\,nm and intensities of $3.5-5.7\times10^{14}\,W/cm^2$. Our experiment reaches the most complete level…

We present a numerical method for investigating the non-perturbative quantum mechanical interaction of light with atoms in two dimensions, without a basis expansion. This enables us to investigate intense laser-atom interactions with light…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 M. Protopapas , D. G. Lappas , P. L. Knight

This paper concerns the theory of non-recollisional ionization or detachment of atoms or ions by intense few-cycle pulses. It is shown that in certain conditions of pulse duration, peak intensity and carrier-envelope phase, the ionization…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2014-09-04 C. C. Chirila , R. M. Potvliege

We investigate the orientation dependence of Enhanced Ionization (EI) during strong-field-driven nuclear motion in acetylene (C$_2$H$_2$). Here, we both initiate and probe molecular dynamics in acetylene with intense 6-fs cross-polarized…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 S. A. Mohideen , A. J. Howard , C. Cheng , I. Gabalski , A. M. Ghrist , E. Weckwerth , P. H. Bucksbaum

We present a detailed study of the ionisation probability of H and H$_{2}^{+}$ induced by a short intense laser pulse. Starting from a Coulomb-Volkov description of the process we derive a multipole-like expansion where each term is…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2013-07-11 Renata Della Picca , Juan Fiol , Pablo Daniel Fainstein

An ab initio simulation of strong-field photodissociation of diatomic molecules was developed, inspired by recent dissociation experiments of F2-. The transition between electronic states was modeled, including the laser pulse and…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-06-26 Bar Ezra , Shimshon Kallush , Ronnie Kosloff

Electron-initiated chemistry with chemically relevant electron energies (10-200 eV) is at the heart of several high-energy processes and phenomena. To probe these dissociation and fragmentation reactions with femtosecond resolution requires…